Normalcy of diet (total parenteral nutrition) · Adults with cancer receiving treatment
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) showed no clear difference in normalcy of diet (total parenteral nutrition) compared with placebo or no treatment; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Nausea · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
Antimicrobial lozenge led to higher nausea (adverse effect) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Survival · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Salivary flow rate · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Oral mucositis (severe) · Children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia receiving chemotherapy alone
Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), intravenous led to lower oral mucositis (severe) compared with chlorhexidine mouthwash; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects (other reported events) · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
1 finding from 1 review
No evidence of a difference for any other adverse event (nausea, vomiting, chilling, headache, lacrimation, dysphasia, weakness, nervousness, rhinitis, blurred vision, urinary frequency, dizziness, palpitation, skin…
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported
Nausea · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
Amifostine 200 mg/m2 three times weekly showed no clear difference in nausea (adverse effect) compared with amifostine 200 mg/m2 five times weekly; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Number of days of treatment with opioid analgesics · Adults with cancer receiving treatment
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) led to lower number of days of treatment with opioid analgesics compared with placebo or no treatment; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Xerostomia (grade >= 2, 0-4 scale) · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
Amifostine 200 mg/m2 three times weekly showed no clear difference in xerostomia (grade >= 2, 0-4 scale) compared with amifostine 200 mg/m2 five times weekly; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Side effects · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
1 finding from 1 review
Side effects · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
1 finding from 1 review
Mouth and throat soreness (OMWQ-HN, 0-4 scale) · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
Palifermin showed no clear difference in mouth and throat soreness (OMWQ-HN, 0-4 scale) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
MD -0.12 [-0.27, 0.02]
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Oral mucositis (any severity) · Adults receiving chemotherapy alone for colorectal cancer
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects · Children and adolescents (general population, aged under 20 years)
1 finding from 1 review
Dry mouth (xerostomia) · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
1 finding from 1 review
Nausea · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
Amifostine may leads to higher nausea (adverse effect) compared with no treatment/placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Side effects · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
1 finding from 1 review
Low rates of adverse effects (watering eyes, nervousness, frequent urination, sweating, warm face, cramps, diarrhoea, nausea) with insufficient evidence of any differences (Jham 2007)
1 study
GRADE not reported
Quality of life and other oral related symptoms · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
1 finding from 1 review
Insufficient evidence of a difference for global quality of life, mouth pain RR 0.94 (95% CI 0.66 to 1.33), sore/burning mouth RR 0.95 (95% CI 0.68 to 1.35), throat pain RR 0.79 (95% CI 0.56 to 1.12) (Duncan 2005)
1 study
GRADE not reported
Oral mucositis (moderate to severe) · Adults with cancer receiving treatment
It is very uncertain whether granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) changes oral mucositis (moderate to severe) compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Oral mucositis (any severity) · Adults receiving bone marrow/stem cell transplantation after conditioning therapy for haematological cancers
Erythropoietin mouthwash led to lower oral mucositis (any severity) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review