Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,320 questions · 4,561 findings · 388 reviews

No studies found 1,138 · 25%GRADE not reported 886 · 19.4%Very low 1,014 · 22.2%Low 849 · 18.6%Moderate 543 · 11.9%High 131 · 2.9%

Clinical examination with risk-based recall vs Clinical examination with 24-month recall

Dental caries: prevalence of root caries · Dentate adults (aged 18 years and older) receiving dental check-ups in UK general dental practices (regular attenders)

Clinical examination with risk-based recall showed no clear difference in dental caries: prevalence of root caries compared with clinical examination with 24-month recall; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical examination with 24-month recall vs Clinical examination with 6-month recall

Dental caries: prevalence of root caries · Dentate adults (aged 18 years and older) receiving dental check-ups in UK general dental practices (regular attenders)

Clinical examination with 24-month recall showed no clear difference in dental caries: prevalence of root caries compared with clinical examination with 6-month recall; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical examination with 24-month recall vs Clinical examination with 12-month recall

Caries increment in permanent teeth · Regular-attending primary-care dental patients aged 3, 16 or 18 years at entry (aged up to 20; low caries risk)

It is very uncertain whether clinical examination with 24-month recall changes dental caries: DMFS increment (permanent teeth) compared with clinical examination with 12-month recall (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical examination with risk-based recall vs Clinical examination with 24-month recall

Dental caries: prevalence of moderate to extensive caries (ICDAS 3-6) · Dentate adults (aged 18 years and older) receiving dental check-ups in UK general dental practices (regular attenders)

Clinical examination with risk-based recall showed no clear difference in dental caries: prevalence of moderate to extensive caries (ICDAS 3-6) compared with clinical examination with 24-month recall (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical examination with risk-based recall vs Clinical examination with 6-month recall

Oral health knowledge (1-9 scale) · Dentate adults (aged 18 years and older) receiving dental check-ups in UK general dental practices (regular attenders)

Clinical examination with risk-based recall showed no clear difference in oral health knowledge (1-9 scale) compared with clinical examination with 6-month recall; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical examination with 24-month recall vs Clinical examination with 6-month recall

Oral health knowledge (1-9 scale) · Dentate adults (aged 18 years and older) receiving dental check-ups in UK general dental practices (regular attenders)

Clinical examination with 24-month recall showed no clear difference in oral health knowledge (1-9 scale) compared with clinical examination with 6-month recall; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical examination with risk-based recall vs Clinical examination with 24-month recall

Dental caries · Dentate adults (aged 18 years and older) receiving dental check-ups in UK general dental practices (regular attenders)

Clinical examination with risk-based recall showed no clear difference in dental caries: number of tooth surfaces with any caries (ICDAS 1-6) compared with clinical examination with 24-month recall (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical examination with risk-based recall vs Clinical examination with 24-month recall

Cost (patient perspective): total cost per patient (GBP) · Dentate adults (aged 18 years and older) receiving dental check-ups in UK general dental practices (regular attenders)

Clinical examination with risk-based recall led to higher cost (patient perspective): total cost per patient (GBP) compared with clinical examination with 24-month recall; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Resin-based fissure sealant vs Fluoride varnish

Dentine caries in permanent molars (24 months) · Children and adolescents (general population, aged under 20 years)

It is very uncertain whether resin-based fissure sealant changes dentine caries in permanent molars (yes/no) compared with fluoride varnish (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

0.1% chlorine dioxide mouthwash vs Placebo mouthwash

Dentist-reported organoleptic test (OLT) score (scale 0 to 5) · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

0.1% chlorine dioxide mouthwash may leads to lower dentist-reported organoleptic test (OLT) score (scale 0 to 5) compared with placebo mouthwash (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mechanical tongue cleaning (tongue scraper) vs No tongue cleaning

Adverse events · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
    mean 2 weeks
    Adverse events: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for adverse events.
    0 studies
    No studies found

440 to 550 ppm F toothpaste vs Non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste

Caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)

440 to 550 ppm F toothpaste showed no clear difference in caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT compared with non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

1000 to 1250 ppm F toothpaste vs 250 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, surface index D(M)FS · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)

1000 to 1250 ppm F toothpaste may leads to lower caries increment, surface index D(M)FS compared with 250 ppm F toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

1450 ppm F toothpaste vs 250 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT · Young children with primary (deciduous) dentition (aged 1 to 6 years at study start)

1450 ppm F toothpaste showed no clear difference in caries increment, tooth index d(m)ft compared with 250 ppm F toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

1000 to 1250 ppm F toothpaste vs 440 to 550 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)

1000 to 1250 ppm F toothpaste showed no clear difference in caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT compared with 440 to 550 ppm F toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Scheduled dental recall intervals (1-, 3- or 6-monthly; oral hygiene instruction with or without scale and polish) plus daily supervised toothbrushing by carers vs usual care

Calculus · Adults (mean age 30.9 years), level of ID unclear; setting day centre

Scheduled dental recall intervals (1-, 3- or 6-monthly; oral hygiene… may leads to lower calculus (long term) compared with usual care (no specific treatment) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lactobacillus salivarius WB21 tablets vs placebo (3 tablets/4 times a day

OLT and VSC scores · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…
1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Suzuki 2014 (cross-over RCT) compared Lactobacillus salivarius WB21 tablets versus placebo tablets (OLT and VSC by gas chromatography). The trial did not give usable data and we could not extract data from the graph.
    1 study
    GRADE not reported

1450 ppm F toothpaste vs 250 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, surface index D(M)FS · Young children with primary (deciduous) dentition (aged 1 to 6 years at study start)

1450 ppm F toothpaste showed no clear difference in caries increment, surface index d(m)fs compared with 250 ppm F toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

1000 or 1100 ppm F toothpaste vs Non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste

Caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT · Adults with mature permanent dentition (aged 18 to 93 years at study start)

1000 or 1100 ppm F toothpaste showed no clear difference in caries increment, tooth index DMFT compared with non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

2400 to 2800 ppm F toothpaste vs 1700 to 2200 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)

It is very uncertain whether 2400 to 2800 ppm F toothpaste changes caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT compared with 1700 to 2200 ppm F toothpaste (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review