Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,808 questions · 8,953 findings · 827 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 1,891 · 21.1%GRADE not reported 380 · 4.2%Very low 2,100 · 23.5%Low 2,449 · 27.4%Moderate 1,684 · 18.8%High 449 · 5%

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Intervention not reported

Breast cancer mortality ‐ tamoxifen · women receiving endocrine therapy (selective oestrogen receptor modulator or aromatase inhibitor)

1 finding from 1 review

Mammographic density, endocrine therapy and breast cancer risk: a prognostic and predictive biomarker review 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 97 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Recurrence ‐ tamoxifen · women receiving endocrine therapy (selective oestrogen receptor modulator or aromatase inhibitor)

1 finding from 1 review

Mammographic density, endocrine therapy and breast cancer risk: a prognostic and predictive biomarker review 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1956 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Recurrence ‐ AIs · women receiving endocrine therapy (selective oestrogen receptor modulator or aromatase inhibitor)

1 finding from 1 review

Mammographic density, endocrine therapy and breast cancer risk: a prognostic and predictive biomarker review 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 175 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Recurrence (loco‐regional) ‐ endocrine therapies not separated (exemestane (AI)/tamoxifen (SERM)) · women receiving endocrine therapy (selective oestrogen receptor modulator or aromatase inhibitor)

1 finding from 1 review

Mammographic density, endocrine therapy and breast cancer risk: a prognostic and predictive biomarker review 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 284 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Recurrence (distance) ‐ endocrine therapies not separated (exemestane (AI)/tamoxifen (SERM)) · women receiving endocrine therapy (selective oestrogen receptor modulator or aromatase inhibitor)

1 finding from 1 review

Mammographic density, endocrine therapy and breast cancer risk: a prognostic and predictive biomarker review 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 284 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Incidence of a secondary primary breast cancer (e.g. in the contralateral breast) ‐ endocrine therapies not separated (exemestane (AI)/tamoxifen (SERM)/unknown) · women receiving endocrine therapy (selective oestrogen receptor modulator or aromatase inhibitor)

1 finding from 1 review

Mammographic density, endocrine therapy and breast cancer risk: a prognostic and predictive biomarker review 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 87 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Incidence of invasive breast cancer and DCIS ‐ tamoxifen · women receiving endocrine therapy (selective oestrogen receptor modulator or aromatase inhibitor)

1 finding from 1 review

Mammographic density, endocrine therapy and breast cancer risk: a prognostic and predictive biomarker review 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 51 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Prevention: incidence of invasive breast cancer and DCIS ‐ tamoxifen · women receiving endocrine therapy (selective oestrogen receptor modulator or aromatase inhibitor) or not receiving endocrine therapy…

1 finding from 1 review

Mammographic density, endocrine therapy and breast cancer risk: a prognostic and predictive biomarker review 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 123 participants
Low

Single‐immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) vs chemotherapy alone

Overall survival (OS) · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Single‐immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) probably leads to lower overall survival (OS) compared with chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single or combined immune checkpoint inhibitors compared to first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy with or without… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.68 [0.6, 0.76]
6 studies · 2111 participants
Moderate

Combined immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) vs chemotherapy alone

Health‐related quality of life · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Single or combined immune checkpoint inhibitors compared to first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy with or without… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Single‐immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) vs chemotherapy alone

Progression‐free survival · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Single‐immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) may leads to lower progression‐free survival (PFS) compared with chemotherapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single or combined immune checkpoint inhibitors compared to first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy with or without… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.68 [0.51, 0.88]
5 studies · 1886 participants
Low

Single‐immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) vs chemotherapy alone

Overall response rate (ORR), · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Single‐immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) may leads to higher overall response rate (ORR) compared with chemotherapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single or combined immune checkpoint inhibitors compared to first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy with or without… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.4 [1.12, 1.75]
4 studies · 1672 participants
Low

Single‐immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) vs chemotherapy alone

Grades 3 and 4 adverse events · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Single‐immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) may leads to lower adverse Events grade 3‐4 compared with chemotherapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single or combined immune checkpoint inhibitors compared to first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy with or without… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.41 [0.33, 0.5]
5 studies · 3346 participants
Low

Single‐immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) vs chemotherapy alone

QoL · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Single‐immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) may leads to higher QOL‐C30 GHS/QOL (range 0‐100) ‐ change from baseline to week 15 compared with chemotherapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single or combined immune checkpoint inhibitors compared to first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy with or without… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.51 [1.08, 2.1]
1 study · 297 participants
Low

Combined immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) vs chemotherapy alone

Overall survival (OS) · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Combined immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) probably leads to lower overall Survival (OS) compared with chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single or combined immune checkpoint inhibitors compared to first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy with or without… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.72 [0.59, 0.89]
2 studies · 612 participants
Moderate

Combined immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) vs chemotherapy alone

Progression‐free survival · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Single or combined immune checkpoint inhibitors compared to first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy with or without… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Combined immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) vs chemotherapy alone

Overall response rate (OSR) · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Single or combined immune checkpoint inhibitors compared to first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy with or without… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Combined immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) vs chemotherapy alone

Grades 3 and 4 adverse events · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Combined immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) showed no clear difference in adverse Events grade 3 to 4 compared with chemotherapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single or combined immune checkpoint inhibitors compared to first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy with or without… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.78 [0.55, 1.09]
2 studies · 1869 participants
Low

Interrupted vs uninterrupted anticoagulation therapy

Outcomes and · adults with arrhythmias undergoing catheter ablation

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interrupted versus uninterrupted anticoagulation therapy for catheter ablation in adults with arrhythmias 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Interrupted vs uninterrupted anticoagulation therapy

Thromboembolic events · adults with arrhythmias undergoing catheter ablation

It is very uncertain whether interrupted changes thromboembolic events compared with uninterrupted anticoagulation therapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interrupted versus uninterrupted anticoagulation therapy for catheter ablation in adults with arrhythmias 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.76 [0.33, 9.46]
6 studies · 3468 participants
Very low