Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,751 questions · 12,775 findings · 807 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 3,413 · 26.7%GRADE not reported 709 · 5.5%Very low 3,483 · 27.3%Low 3,165 · 24.8%Moderate 1,628 · 12.7%High 377 · 3%

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Web‐based patient education vs other delivery of patient education

IBDQ at week 8 · people with inflammatory bowel disease

1 finding from 1 review

Patient education interventions for the management of inflammatory bowel disease 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 58 participants
Very low

Weekly educational texts messages vs once every other week educational text messages

Disease activity · people with inflammatory bowel disease

1 finding from 1 review

Patient education interventions for the management of inflammatory bowel disease 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 131 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Diet quality · children aged six months to six years

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes diet quality (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Healthy eating interventions delivered in early childhood education and care settings for improving the diet of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
SMD 0.34
6 studies · 1973 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Fruit consumption · children aged six months to six years

The intervention showed no clear difference in fruit consumption (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Healthy eating interventions delivered in early childhood education and care settings for improving the diet of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
SMD 0.11
11 studies · 2901 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Vegetable consumption · children aged six months to six years

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes vegetable consumption (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Healthy eating interventions delivered in early childhood education and care settings for improving the diet of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
SMD 0.12
13 studies · 3335 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Non‐core foods (i.e. less healthy or discretionary) consumption · children aged six months to six years

The intervention showed no clear difference in non‐core foods (i.e. less healthy or discretionary) consumption (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Healthy eating interventions delivered in early childhood education and care settings for improving the diet of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
SMD 0.05
7 studies · 1369 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Sugar‐sweetened beverage consumption · children aged six months to six years

The intervention showed no clear difference in sugar‐sweetened beverage consumption (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Healthy eating interventions delivered in early childhood education and care settings for improving the diet of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
SMD 0.1
3 studies · 522 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Cost‐effectiveness · children aged six months to six years

1 finding from 1 review

Healthy eating interventions delivered in early childhood education and care settings for improving the diet of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 101 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Adverse consequences · children aged six months to six years

1 finding from 1 review

Healthy eating interventions delivered in early childhood education and care settings for improving the diet of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 62 participants
Very low

Sildenafil vs Placebo or no active treatment

All‐cause mortality · pregnant women with fetal growth restriction

Sildenafil citrate showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with placebo or no therapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.01 [0.8, 1.27]
5 studies · 516 participants
Moderate

Sildenafil vs IV nitroglycerin

All‐cause mortality · pregnant women with fetal growth restriction

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 23 participants
Low

Sildenafil vs IV nitroglycerin

Fetal mortality · pregnant women with fetal growth restriction

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 23 participants
Low

Sildenafil vs IV nitroglycerin

Neonatal mortality · pregnant women with fetal growth restriction

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 23 participants
Low

Sildenafil vs Placebo or no active treatment

Fetal mortality · pregnant women with fetal growth restriction

Sildenafil citrate showed no clear difference in fetal mortality compared with placebo or no therapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.82 [0.6, 1.12]
5 studies · 516 participants
Moderate

Sildenafil vs Placebo or no active treatment

Neonatal mortality · pregnant women with fetal growth restriction

Sildenafil citrate showed no clear difference in neonatal mortality compared with placebo or no therapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.45 [0.9, 2.33]
5 studies · 397 participants
Moderate

Tadalafil vs Placebo or no active treatment

All‐cause mortality · pregnant women with fetal growth restriction

Tadalafil showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with placebo or no therapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.2 [0.02, 1.6]
1 study · 87 participants
Low

Tadalafil vs Placebo or no active treatment

Fetal mortality · pregnant women with fetal growth restriction

Tadalafil showed no clear difference in fetal mortality compared with placebo or no therapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.11 [0.01, 1.96]
1 study · 87 participants
Low

Tadalafil vs Placebo or no active treatment

Neonatal mortality · pregnant women with fetal growth restriction

Tadalafil showed no clear difference in neonatal mortality compared with placebo or no therapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.89 [0.06, 13.7]
1 study · 83 participants
Low

Nitroglycerin vs Placebo or no active treatment

All‐cause mortality · pregnant women with fetal growth restriction

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 23 participants
Low

Nitroglycerin vs Placebo or no active treatment

Fetal mortality · pregnant women with fetal growth restriction

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 23 participants
Low