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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,262 questions · 2,405 findings · 248 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 507 · 21.1%GRADE not reported 93 · 3.9%Very low 657 · 27.3%Low 708 · 29.4%Moderate 387 · 16.1%High 53 · 2.2%

Advance care planning vs usual care

Completion of documentation by medical staff regarding discussions with participants about ACP processes (yes/no) · people with heart failure with or without their surrogate decision‐makers/carers

Advance care planning may leads to higher completion of documentation by medical staff regarding discussions… compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hospital‐based specialist palliative care vs usual care

Achieving patient preferred place of death (measured by number of patients with home death) · adults with advanced illness and their unpaid caregivers/families

Hospital‐based specialist palliative care may leads to higher achieving patient preferred place of death (measured by number of… compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions targeting healthcare professionals vs usual care or interventions of the same type

Shared decision making (OBOM, continuous) (post‐visit) · healthcare professionals responsible for patient care
2 findings from 1 review

Interventions targeting healthcare professionals vs usual care or interventions of the same type

Shared decision making (PROM, continuous) ( · healthcare professionals responsible for patient care
2 findings from 1 review

Interventions targeting healthcare professionals vs usual care or interventions of the same type

Decision regret · healthcare professionals responsible for patient care
2 findings from 1 review

Interventions targeting healthcare professionals vs usual care or interventions of the same type

Health‐related quality of life (physical) · healthcare professionals responsible for patient care
2 findings from 1 review

Interventions targeting healthcare professionals vs usual care or interventions of the same type

Health‐related quality of life (mental) · healthcare professionals responsible for patient care
2 findings from 1 review

Interventions targeting healthcare professionals vs usual care or interventions of the same type

Consultation length (minutes) · healthcare professionals responsible for patient care
2 findings from 1 review

Summary of findings: Any alternative model of care vs usual care

ED visits · Nursing home residents (mean age 78.3 to 86.0 years; more than 66% women; 62.1% to 87.3% with dental prostheses)

Summary of findings: Any alternative model of care showed no clear difference in emergency department (ED) visits: proportion of residents with at… compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: Any alternative model of care vs usual care

Unplanned admission to hospital · Nursing home residents (mean age 78.3 to 86.0 years; more than 66% women; 62.1% to 87.3% with dental prostheses)

Summary of findings: Any alternative model of care may leads to lower unplanned hospital admissions: proportion of residents with at least… compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review