What do systematic reviews say?

Lay health worker‐led psychosocial interventions vs enhanced usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Primary‐level worker interventions for the care of people living with mental disorders and distress in low‐ and… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Lay health worker‐led psychosocial interventions vs enhanced usual care

Lay health worker‐led psychosocial interventions showed no clear difference in functional impairment ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months post… compared with enhanced usual care (low certainty).

• Primary‐level worker interventions for the care of people living with mental disorders and distress in low‐ and… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 1856 participants
  Low

Lay health worker‐led psychosocial interventions vs enhanced usual care

It is very uncertain whether lay health worker‐led psychosocial interventions changes service utilisation ‐ maternal or child hospitalisations ‐… compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).

• Primary‐level worker interventions for the care of people living with mental disorders and distress in low‐ and… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.12 [0.6, 2.06]
  2 studies · 850 participants
  Very low

Lay health worker‐led psychosocial interventions vs enhanced usual care

• Primary‐level worker interventions for the care of people living with mental disorders and distress in low‐ and… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 1205 participants
  Low

Primary health professional‐led or collaborative care vs usual or enhanced care

It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐led collaborative care interventions changes quality of life ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months post… compared with usual or enhanced care (very low certainty).

• Primary‐level worker interventions for the care of people living with mental disorders and distress in low‐ and… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 3.5
  1 study · 230 participants
  Very low

Primary health professional‐led or collaborative care vs usual or enhanced care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Primary‐level worker interventions for the care of people living with mental disorders and distress in low‐ and… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Primary health professional‐led or collaborative care vs usual or enhanced care

• Primary‐level worker interventions for the care of people living with mental disorders and distress in low‐ and… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 230 participants
  Very low

Primary health professional‐led or collaborative care vs usual or enhanced care

• Primary‐level worker interventions for the care of people living with mental disorders and distress in low‐ and… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 686 participants
  Very low

Education vs no education on prescribing or administration

It is very uncertain whether education changes medication errors ( compared with no education on prescribing or administration (very low certainty).

• Reducing medication errors for adults in hospital settings 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.21 [0.93, 1.58]
  4 studies · 30 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Nurses as substitutes for doctors in primary care 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 36529 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Nurses as substitutes for doctors in primary care 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 13 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Nurses as substitutes for doctors in primary care 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 16002 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Nurses as substitutes for doctors in primary care 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 10 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Nurses as substitutes for doctors in primary care 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7 studies · 9 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in caesarean section – emergency (moderate certainty).

• Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.91 [0.67, 1.23]
  Studies not reported
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in caesarean section – for psychological reasons (low certainty).

• Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.82 [0.5, 1.36]
  Studies not reported
  Low

Intervention not reported

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes caesarean section – overall (very low certainty).

• Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.81 [0.56, 1.18]
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low