Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,822 questions · 1,891 findings · 321 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 279 · 14.8%GRADE not reported 46 · 2.4%Very low 524 · 27.7%Low 571 · 30.2%Moderate 330 · 17.5%High 141 · 7.5%

Intervention not reported

TUG (lower score = faster) · adults following hip fracture surgery

The intervention showed no clear difference in TUG (lower score = faster) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

TUG (lower score = faster) · adults following hip fracture surgery

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes TUG (lower score = faster) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any glucocorticoid vs no glucocorticoids or placebo

Clinical pregnancy rate · assisted reproduction technology cycles

It is very uncertain whether glucocorticoids changes clinical pregnancy rate per couple: dosage and timing of… compared with no glucocorticoids or placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions (vitamin B1, mefenamic acid, tranexamic acid) vs placebo or active comparators (desmopressin, sodium diclofenac, flavonoids)

Side effects: gastrointestinal disturbances (diarrhoea, lower abdominal pain), headache and sweating

It is very uncertain whether interventions (vitamin B1, mefenamic acid, tranexamic acid) changes side effects: gastrointestinal disturbances (diarrhoea, lower… compared with placebo or active comparators (desmopressin, sodium diclofenac,… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intratympanic corticosteroids vs systemic corticosteroids

Change in hearing threshold determined by PTA Range 0 dB to 140 dB Negative values represent lowering and positive values represent raising of the hearing threshold. A lower hearing threshold represents hearing improvement. Â · sudden sensorineural hearing loss

Intratympanic corticosteroids showed no clear difference in change in hearing threshold determined by PTA Range 0 dB to 140 dB… compared with systemic corticosteroids (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intratympanic plus systemic corticosteroids (combined therapy) vs systemic corticosteroids alone

Change in hearing threshold determined by PTA Range 0 dB to 140 dB Negative values represent lowering and positive values represent raising of the hearing threshold. A lower hearing threshold represents hearing improvement. Â · sudden sensorineural hearing loss

Intratympanic plus systemic corticosteroids (combined therapy) showed no clear difference in change in hearing threshold determined by PTA Range 0 dB to 140 dB… compared with systemic corticosteroids alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intratympanic plus systemic corticosteroids (combined therapy) vs systemic corticosteroids alone

Final hearing threshold determined by PTA (a lower value represents better hearing) · sudden sensorineural hearing loss

It is very uncertain whether intratympanic plus systemic corticosteroids (combined therapy) changes final hearing threshold determined by PTA A lower value represents… compared with systemic corticosteroids alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intratympanic corticosteroids vs no treatment or versus placebo

Change in hearing threshold determined by PTA Range 0 dB to 140 dB Negative values represent lowering and positive values represent raising of the hearing threshold. A lower hearing threshold represents hearing improvement. Â · sudden sensorineural hearing loss

Intratympanic corticosteroids showed no clear difference in change in hearing threshold determined by PTA Range 0 dB to 140 dB… compared with no treatment or versus placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intratympanic corticosteroids vs no treatment or versus placebo

Final hearing threshold determined by PTA (a lower value represents better hearing) · sudden sensorineural hearing loss

Intratympanic corticosteroids showed no clear difference in final hearing threshold determined by PTA (a lower value represents… compared with no treatment or versus placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intratympanic corticosteroids vs systemic corticosteroids

Final hearing threshold determined by PTA (a lower value represents better hearing) · sudden sensorineural hearing loss

Intratympanic corticosteroids showed no clear difference in final hearing threshold determined by PTA (a lower value represents… compared with systemic corticosteroids (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Helium vs carbon dioxide

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · people undergoing laparoscopic general abdominal or gynaecological pelvic surgery under general anaesthesia

Helium showed no clear difference in pain scores (first postoperative day) Visual analogue scale, lower… compared with carbon dioxide (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Room air vs carbon dioxide

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · people undergoing laparoscopic general abdominal or gynaecological pelvic surgery under general anaesthesia

It is very uncertain whether room air changes pain scores (first postoperative day) Visual analogue scale, lower… compared with carbon dioxide (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nitrous oxide vs carbon dioxide

Participant‐reported pain intensity VAS (0‐10, lower score = less pain) · people undergoing laparoscopic general abdominal or gynaecological pelvic surgery under general anaesthesia

It is very uncertain whether nitrous oxide changes pain scores (first postoperative day) VAS, lower score indicates… compared with carbon dioxide (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review