Primary anaesthesia failure · Adult patients undergoing hand, wrist or forearm surgery
Multiple leads to lower primary anaesthesia failure compared with single‐injection technique (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Secondary analgesia failure: Intraoperative sedation required · Adult patients undergoing hand, wrist or forearm surgery
Multiple showed no clear difference in secondary analgesia failure ‐ intraoperative sedation required compared with single‐injection technique (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hospital mortality · adults (aged > 17 years) with acute respiratory failure after upper abdominal surgery
Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) showed no clear difference in hospital mortality compared with oxygen therapy (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Rate of intubation · adults (aged > 17 years) with acute respiratory failure after upper abdominal surgery
Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) may leads to lower rate of tracheal Intubation compared with oxygen therapy (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Duration of ICU stay · adults (aged > 17 years) with acute respiratory failure after upper abdominal surgery
It is very uncertain whether noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) changes ICU length of stay compared with oxygen therapy (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Shivering · people with surgical requirement for general anaesthesia
It is very uncertain whether alpha‐2 adrenergic agonist changes shivering compared with placebo/control (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Incidence of core hypothermia ‐ not measured · people with surgical requirement for general anaesthesia
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Participant satisfaction/experience of shivering ‐ not measured · people with surgical requirement for general anaesthesia
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Reported mortality As reported in the trials · patients having major abdominal surgery
It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes reported mortality As reported in the trials (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Atelectasis As reported in the trials · patients having major abdominal surgery
It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes atelectasis As reported in the trials (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Pneumonia As reported in the included trials · patients having major abdominal surgery
It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes pneumonia As reported in the included trials (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review