Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

304 questions · 309 findings · 37 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 80 · 25.9%GRADE not reported 8 · 2.6%Very low 88 · 28.5%Low 75 · 24.3%Moderate 54 · 17.5%High 4 · 1.3%

Removal of short‐term indwelling urethral catheters in adults: clamping vs free drainage

Number of participants requiring recatheterisation · adults with short‐term indwelling urethral catheters that need to be removed

Removal of short‐term indwelling urethral catheters in adults:… showed no clear difference in number of participants requiring recatheterisation compared with free drainage (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Total studies: 55* Total participants: 3758 No. interventions in network: 21 · adults with malignant pleural effusion Interventions: talc poudrage, bleomycin, IPC – not daily drainage, doxycycline, placebo Comparator…

The intervention led to lower total studies: 55* Total participants: 3758 No. interventions in…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Total studies: 31* Total participants: 2753 No. interventions in network: 14 · adults with malignant pleural effusion Interventions: talc poudrage, bleomycin IPC – not daily drainage, doxycycline, placebo Comparator…

The intervention led to lower total studies: 31* Total participants: 2753 No. interventions in…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Intervention Total studies: 4* Total participants: 379 · adults with malignant pleural effusion Interventions: talc poudrage, bleomycin, IPC – not daily drainage, doxycycline, placebo Comparator…

The intervention showed no clear difference in intervention Total studies: 4* Total participants: 379; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review