Prophylactic or very early CPAP showed no clear difference in combined outcome of death and bronchopulmonary dysplasia defined as… compared with supportive care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.69 [0.4, 1.19]
1 study · 256 participants
Low

Prophylactic or very early CPAP vs supportive care

Pulmonary air leak defined as pneumothorax · preterm infants

Prophylactic or very early CPAP showed no clear difference in pulmonary air leak defined as pneumothorax compared with supportive care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.75 [0.35, 1.16]
3 studies · 568 participants
Low

Prophylactic or very early CPAP vs supportive care

Intraventricular haemorrhage, Papile grade 3/4 · preterm infants

Prophylactic or very early CPAP showed no clear difference in intraventricular haemorrhage grade 3 or 4 compared with supportive care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.96 [0.39, 2.37]
2 studies · 486 participants
Low

Prophylactic or very early CPAP vs supportive care

Neurodevelopmental disability · preterm infants

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Prophylactic CPAP vs mechanical ventilation

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks defined as oxygen dependency at 36 weeks postmenstrual age · preterm infants

Prophylactic CPAP probably leads to lower bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks defined as oxygen dependency… compared with mechanical ventilation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.89 [0.8, 0.99]
3 studies · 2150 participants
Moderate

Prophylactic CPAP vs mechanical ventilation

Death Death at any time · preterm infants

Prophylactic CPAP showed no clear difference in death Death at any time compared with mechanical ventilation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.82 [0.66, 1.03]
3 studies · 2358 participants
Moderate

Heparin prophylaxis vs no treatment/placebo

Maternal death · pregnant women at increased risk of VTE during pregnancy and the early postnatal period

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for women at risk during pregnancy and the early postnatal period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

LMWH prophylaxis vs UFH

Adverse effects sufficient to stop treatment · pregnant women at increased risk of VTE during pregnancy and the early postnatal period

It is very uncertain whether antenatal (± postnatal) prophylaxis: LMWH changes adverse effects sufficient to stop treatment compared with UFH (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for women at risk during pregnancy and the early postnatal period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.07 [0.01, 0.54]
2 studies · 226 participants
Very low

Heparin prophylaxis vs no treatment/placebo

Symptomatic thromboembolic events ( · pregnant women at increased risk of VTE during pregnancy and the early postnatal period

It is very uncertain whether antenatal (± postnatal) prophylaxis: heparin (LMWH or UFH) changes symptomatic thromboembolic events ( compared with no treatment/placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for women at risk during pregnancy and the early postnatal period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.39 [0.08, 1.98]
4 studies · 476 participants
Very low

Heparin prophylaxis vs no treatment/placebo

Symptomatic PE · pregnant women at increased risk of VTE during pregnancy and the early postnatal period

It is very uncertain whether antenatal (± postnatal) prophylaxis: heparin (LMWH or UFH) changes symptomatic PE ( compared with no treatment/placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for women at risk during pregnancy and the early postnatal period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.33 [0.02, 7.14]
3 studies · 187 participants
Very low

Heparin prophylaxis vs no treatment/placebo

Symptomatic DVT · pregnant women at increased risk of VTE during pregnancy and the early postnatal period

It is very uncertain whether antenatal (± postnatal) prophylaxis: heparin (LMWH or UFH) changes symptomatic DVT ( compared with no treatment/placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for women at risk during pregnancy and the early postnatal period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.33 [0.04, 3.1]
4 studies · 227 participants
Very low

Heparin prophylaxis vs no treatment/placebo

Adverse effects sufficient to stop treatment · pregnant women at increased risk of VTE during pregnancy and the early postnatal period

It is very uncertain whether antenatal (± postnatal) prophylaxis: heparin (LMWH or UFH) changes adverse effects sufficient to stop treatment compared with no treatment/placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for women at risk during pregnancy and the early postnatal period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.49 [0.05, 5.31]
1 study · 139 participants
Very low

LMWH prophylaxis vs UFH

Maternal death · pregnant women at increased risk of VTE during pregnancy and the early postnatal period

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for women at risk during pregnancy and the early postnatal period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

LMWH prophylaxis vs UFH

Symptomatic thromboembolic events ( · pregnant women at increased risk of VTE during pregnancy and the early postnatal period

It is very uncertain whether antenatal (± postnatal) prophylaxis: LMWH changes symptomatic thromboembolic events ( compared with UFH (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for women at risk during pregnancy and the early postnatal period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.47 [0.09, 2.49]
4 studies · 404 participants
Very low

LMWH prophylaxis vs UFH

Symptomatic PE · pregnant women at increased risk of VTE during pregnancy and the early postnatal period

1 finding from 1 review

Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for women at risk during pregnancy and the early postnatal period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 287 participants
Very low

LMWH prophylaxis vs UFH

Symptomatic DVT · pregnant women at increased risk of VTE during pregnancy and the early postnatal period

1 finding from 1 review

Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for women at risk during pregnancy and the early postnatal period 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 287 participants
Very low

High MCT formula vs low MCT formula

Weight gain · promoting short‐term growth of preterm infants

2 findings from 1 review

High versus low medium chain triglyceride content of formula for promoting short‐term growth of preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 118 participants
Low
High versus low medium chain triglyceride content of formula for promoting short‐term growth of preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 18 participants
Very low