Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

2,890 questions · 3,917 findings · 272 reviews · Oral Health

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No studies found 429 · 11%GRADE not reported 2,657 · 67.8%Very low 512 · 13.1%Low 219 · 5.6%Moderate 80 · 2%High 20 · 0.5%

Oral irrigation plus toothbrushing vs Flossing plus toothbrushing

Plaque · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate)

It is very uncertain whether oral irrigation plus toothbrushing changes plaque compared with flossing plus toothbrushing (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Home use of interdental cleaning devices, in addition to toothbrushing, for preventing and controlling periodontal… 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
1 month
SMD 0.31 [-0.08, 0.70]
2 studies · 133 participants
Very low

PRP (platelet-rich plasma) in cellulose foam placed in extraction socket vs placebo, no treatment or surveillance only

Adverse effects (wound pain) · Adults with head and neck cancer undergoing curative or adjuvant radiotherapy (at risk of osteoradionecrosis of the jaws)

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing osteoradionecrosis of the jaws in adults receiving head and neck radiotherapy 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
2 weeks to 12 months
This comparison was only made in 1 study: mean pain scores at 2 weeks, 2, 6, 9, and 12 months showed no 'significant' differences between the 2 groups (self-reported Likert scale 1 to 10; difference at 2 weeks P =…
1 study · 44 participants
Very low

Rubber/elastomeric cleaning stick plus toothbrushing vs Interdental brushing plus toothbrushing

Periodontitis (probing pocket depth) · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate)

1 finding from 1 review

Home use of interdental cleaning devices, in addition to toothbrushing, for preventing and controlling periodontal… 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
Two studies measured periodontitis but data not presented or usable (Smith 1988 PPD unusable; Graziani 2017 measured PPD but no data).
2 studies
GRADE not reported

Oral irrigation plus toothbrushing vs Toothbrushing alone

Interproximal caries · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Home use of interdental cleaning devices, in addition to toothbrushing, for preventing and controlling periodontal… 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
No included study assessed caries as an outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Rubber/elastomeric cleaning stick plus toothbrushing vs Toothbrushing alone

Interproximal caries · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Home use of interdental cleaning devices, in addition to toothbrushing, for preventing and controlling periodontal… 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
No included study assessed caries as an outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Interdental brushing plus toothbrushing vs Flossing plus toothbrushing

Periodontitis (probing pocket depth) · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate)

Interdental brushing plus toothbrushing showed no clear difference in periodontitis (probing pocket depth) compared with flossing plus toothbrushing (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Home use of interdental cleaning devices, in addition to toothbrushing, for preventing and controlling periodontal… 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
4 to 6 weeks
MD -0.06 [-0.27, 0.16]
3 studies · 107 participants
Low

Patient-used 5000 ppm F toothpaste, daily vs 1450 to 1500 ppm F toothpaste

Adverse effects · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
At debond (end of orthodontic treatment)
SoF 3. Adverse effects: none of the trials reported this outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Wooden cleaning stick plus toothbrushing vs Toothbrushing alone

Periodontitis (probing pocket depth) · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Home use of interdental cleaning devices, in addition to toothbrushing, for preventing and controlling periodontal… 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
No included study assessed periodontitis as an outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

1450 to 1500 ppm F toothpaste vs 440 to 550 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, surface index D(M)FS · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)

1450 to 1500 ppm F toothpaste may leads to lower caries increment, surface index D(M)FS compared with 440 to 550 ppm F toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride toothpastes of different concentrations for preventing dental caries 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
Closest to 36 months
SMD -0.24 [-0.44, -0.04]
Studies not reported
Low

1700 to 2200 ppm F toothpaste vs 1000 to 1250 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, surface index D(M)FS · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)

1700 to 2200 ppm F toothpaste showed no clear difference in caries increment, surface index D(M)FS compared with 1000 to 1250 ppm F toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride toothpastes of different concentrations for preventing dental caries 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
Closest to 36 months
SMD -0.03 [-0.12, 0.06]
5 studies
Low

Patient-used 5000 ppm F toothpaste, daily vs 1450 to 1500 ppm F toothpaste

Number of participants with new demineralised lesions (DLs) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

Patient-used 5000 ppm F toothpaste, daily throughout treatment showed no clear difference in number of participants with new demineralised lesions (DLs) compared with 1450 ppm F (conventional) toothpaste, daily (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
At debond; follow-up 1.8 years
RR 0.68 [0.46, 1.00]
1 study · 380 participants
Low

Professionally-applied 12,300 ppm F APF foam, every 2 months vs 0 ppm F placebo foam

Number of participants with more severe DLs (severity of DLs) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
At debond (end of orthodontic treatment)
SoF 2. Number of participants with more severe DLs: none of the trials reported this outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

1700 to 2200 ppm F toothpaste vs 440 to 550 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)

1700 to 2200 ppm F toothpaste showed no clear difference in caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT compared with 440 to 550 ppm F toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride toothpastes of different concentrations for preventing dental caries 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
Closest to 36 months
SMD -0.15 [-0.46, 0.16]
Studies not reported
Low

Oral irrigation plus toothbrushing vs Flossing plus toothbrushing

Interproximal caries · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Home use of interdental cleaning devices, in addition to toothbrushing, for preventing and controlling periodontal… 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
No included study assessed caries as an outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

1450 ppm F toothpaste vs 440 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT · Young children with primary (deciduous) dentition (aged 1 to 6 years at study start)

1450 ppm F toothpaste probably leads to lower caries increment, tooth index d(m)ft compared with 440 ppm F toothpaste (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride toothpastes of different concentrations for preventing dental caries 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
Follow-up: 60 months
MD -0.34 [-0.59, -0.09]
1 study · 2362 participants
Moderate

1700 to 2200 ppm F toothpaste vs 440 to 550 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, surface index D(M)FS · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)

1700 to 2200 ppm F toothpaste showed no clear difference in caries increment, surface index D(M)FS compared with 440 to 550 ppm F toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride toothpastes of different concentrations for preventing dental caries 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
Closest to 36 months
SMD -0.2 [-0.41, 0.01]
Studies not reported
Low

Oral-health promotion programs (OHPPs): community-based oral-health education/training, supervised toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste and topical fluoride, dental screening, and dietary advice vs No oral-health promotion program, or a differing (usual-care) action under similar conditions

Cost‐effectiveness · Children aged 6 years and older (healthy except for dental caries)

In children aged 6 years and older, the cost-effectiveness estimate was extremely imprecise and not significant (OR 0.00, 95% CI 0.00 to 48704.6; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Oral-Health Promotion in Dental Caries Prevention among Children:… 2019 All outcomes
Community settings: home visits, telephone contacts, healthcare centers, and primary schools · Age >= 6 years
OR 0.00 [0.00, 48704.6]
2 studies
GRADE not reported

Wooden cleaning stick plus toothbrushing vs Flossing plus toothbrushing

Interproximal caries · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Home use of interdental cleaning devices, in addition to toothbrushing, for preventing and controlling periodontal… 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
No included study assessed caries as an outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Flossing plus toothbrushing vs Toothbrushing alone

Periodontitis (probing pocket depth) · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate)

1 finding from 1 review

Home use of interdental cleaning devices, in addition to toothbrushing, for preventing and controlling periodontal… 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
One study measured probing pocket depth but no data were reported (Graziani 2017).
1 study
GRADE not reported

2400 to 2800 ppm F toothpaste vs Non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste

Caries increment, surface index D(M)FS · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)

2400 to 2800 ppm F toothpaste may leads to lower caries increment, surface index D(M)FS compared with non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride toothpastes of different concentrations for preventing dental caries 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
Closest to 36 months
SMD -0.41 [-0.49, -0.33]
3 studies
Low