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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,539 questions · 2,602 findings · 424 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 572 · 22%GRADE not reported 189 · 7.3%Very low 527 · 20.3%Low 685 · 26.3%Moderate 514 · 19.8%High 115 · 4.4%

LAMA vs placebo

Adverse events after tiotropium 5.0 µg · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

LAMAs showed no clear difference in adverse events after tiotropium 5.0 µg compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

LAMA vs placebo

Pulmonary exacerbations · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

LAMAs showed no clear difference in pulmonary exacerbations: participants reporting ≥1 pulmonary… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Bayley MDI at 12 months post‐term · Preterm infants on enteral feed

The intervention showed no clear difference in bayley MDI at 12 months post‐term (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Bayley PDI at 12 months post‐term · Preterm infants on enteral feed

The intervention showed no clear difference in bayley PDI at 12 months post‐term (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Weight at 12 months post‐term (kg) · Preterm infants on enteral feed

The intervention showed no clear difference in weight at 12 months post‐term (kg) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Length at 12 months post‐term (cm) · Preterm infants on enteral feed

The intervention showed no clear difference in length at 12 months post‐term (cm) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Head circumference at 12 months post‐term (cm) · Preterm infants on enteral feed

The intervention showed no clear difference in head circumference at 12 months post‐term (cm) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A vs no supplementation

Chronic lung disease · promoting growth and development in very low birth weight infants receiving human milk

Supplemental vitamin A showed no clear difference in chronic lung disease (oxygen use at 28 days in survivors) compared with no supplementation (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Vitamin A vs no supplementation

Death or chronic lung disease · promoting growth and development in very low birth weight infants receiving human milk

Supplemental vitamin A probably leads to lower death or chronic lung disease (oxygen use at 28 days) compared with no supplementation (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Vitamin A vs no supplementation

Death before 36 weeks' postmenstrual age · promoting growth and development in very low birth weight infants receiving human milk

Supplemental vitamin A showed no clear difference in death before 36 weeks' postmenstrual age compared with no supplementation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A vs no supplementation

Neurodevelopmental impairment at 18 to 22 months · promoting growth and development in very low birth weight infants receiving human milk

Supplemental vitamin A showed no clear difference in neurodevelopmental impairment at 18 to 22 months compared with no supplementation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tiotropium + LABA/ICS combination vs tiotropium

Mortality (all‐cause) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Tiotropium + LABA/ICS combination showed no clear difference in mortality (all‐cause) compared with tiotropium (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tiotropium + LABA/ICS combination vs tiotropium

Non‐fatal serious adverse events · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Tiotropium + LABA/ICS combination showed no clear difference in serious adverse events (non‐fatal) compared with tiotropium (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review