Time to progression · participants with advanced or metastatic muscle invasive bladder cancer
It is very uncertain whether immune checkpoint inhibitors changes time to disease progression Range of compared with any second‐line chemotherapy (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Discontinuation of medication due to adverse events · participants with advanced or metastatic muscle invasive bladder cancer
Immune checkpoint inhibitors may leads to lower discontinuation due to adverse events Range of compared with any second‐line chemotherapy (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Health‐related quality of life · participants with advanced or metastatic muscle invasive bladder cancer
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events grade 3 to 5 Range of · participants with advanced or metastatic muscle invasive bladder cancer
Immune checkpoint inhibitors probably leads to lower adverse events grade 3 to 5 Range of compared with any first‐line chemotherapy (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Time to death from bladder cancer · participants with advanced or metastatic muscle invasive bladder cancer
1 finding from 1 review
Time to progression · participants with advanced or metastatic muscle invasive bladder cancer
Immune checkpoint inhibitors probably leads to higher time to disease progression Range of compared with any first‐line chemotherapy (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Discontinuation of medication due to adverse events · participants with advanced or metastatic muscle invasive bladder cancer
Immune checkpoint inhibitors showed no clear difference in discontinuation due to adverse events Range of compared with any first‐line chemotherapy (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Time to death from any cause Range of · participants with advanced or metastatic muscle invasive bladder cancer
Immune checkpoint inhibitors may leads to lower time to death from any cause Range of compared with any second‐line chemotherapy (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Health‐related quality of life · participants with advanced or metastatic muscle invasive bladder cancer
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events grade 3 to 5 Range of · participants with advanced or metastatic muscle invasive bladder cancer
Immune checkpoint inhibitors may leads to lower adverse events grade 3 to 5 Range of compared with any second‐line chemotherapy (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Overall survival (OS) ‐ Network (subnet 1) included 19 pairwise comparisons ‐ Median · people with a confirmed diagnosis of advanced renal cell carcinoma (combined risk groups) without previous systemic anticancer therapy
The intervention showed no clear difference in overall survival (OS) ‐ Network (subnet 1) included 19 pairwise… (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Quality of life (QoL) We reported this outcome narratively in this review. Here, long‐term results (i.e., at the end of treatment) are presented. In the comparison PAZ versus SUN, QoL was measured using FACIT‐F (score range 0‐52; higher scores rep... · people with a confirmed diagnosis of advanced renal cell carcinoma (combined risk groups) without previous systemic anticancer therapy
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Serious adverse events (SAEs) ‐ Network included 31 pairwise comparisons ‐ Mean risk with SUN across trials3 included in this network: 40.7% · people with a confirmed diagnosis of advanced renal cell carcinoma (combined risk groups) without previous systemic anticancer therapy
The intervention showed no clear difference in serious adverse events (SAEs) ‐ Network included 31 pairwise… (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Progression‐free survival (PFS) ‐ Network (subnet 1) included 27 pairwise comparisons ‐ Median · people with a confirmed diagnosis of advanced renal cell carcinoma (combined risk groups) without previous systemic anticancer therapy
The intervention probably leads to lower progression‐free survival (PFS) ‐ Network (subnet 1) included 27… (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Adverse events (AEs) (grade 3 or 4) ‐ Network included 19 pairwise comparisons ‐ Mean risk with SUN across trials3 in this network: 70.6% · people with a confirmed diagnosis of advanced renal cell carcinoma (combined risk groups) without previous systemic anticancer therapy
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · pregnant women with fetal growth restriction
Sildenafil citrate showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with placebo or no therapy (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Fetal mortality · pregnant women with fetal growth restriction
Sildenafil citrate showed no clear difference in fetal mortality compared with placebo or no therapy (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Neonatal mortality · pregnant women with fetal growth restriction
Sildenafil citrate showed no clear difference in neonatal mortality compared with placebo or no therapy (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · pregnant women with fetal growth restriction
Tadalafil showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with placebo or no therapy (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Fetal mortality · pregnant women with fetal growth restriction
Tadalafil showed no clear difference in fetal mortality compared with placebo or no therapy (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review