Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,072 questions · 4,237 findings · 447 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 946 · 22.3%GRADE not reported 257 · 6.1%Very low 1,121 · 26.5%Low 1,207 · 28.5%Moderate 568 · 13.4%High 138 · 3.3%

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Overall survival by type of data ‐ Aggregated data · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy probably leads to lower overall survival by type of data ‐ Aggregated data compared with primary surgery (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Overall survival by tumor site ‐ Esophagus · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival by tumor site ‐ Esophagus compared with primary surgery (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Overall survival by tumor site ‐ GE junction · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy leads to lower overall survival by tumor site ‐ GE junction compared with primary surgery (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Overall survival by tumor site ‐ Stomach · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival by tumor site ‐ Stomach compared with primary surgery (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Overall survival by chemo‐/radiotherapy ‐ Chemotherapy only · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy leads to lower overall survival by chemo‐/radiotherapy ‐ Chemotherapy only compared with primary surgery (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Overall survival by chemo‐/radiotherapy ‐ Chemoradiotherapy · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy probably leads to lower overall survival by chemo‐/radiotherapy ‐ Chemoradiotherapy compared with primary surgery (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Perioperative mortality · people with pancreatic surgery

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes perioperative mortality (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Treatment withdrawal · people with pancreatic surgery

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes treatment withdrawal (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Re‐operation · people with pancreatic surgery

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes re‐operation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Anastomotic leak · people with pancreatic surgery

The intervention showed no clear difference in anastomotic leak; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Pancreatic fistula (clinically significant) · people with pancreatic surgery

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes pancreatic fistula (clinically significant) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Infected abdominal collections · people with pancreatic surgery

The intervention showed no clear difference in infected abdominal collections; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Shock · people with pancreatic surgery

The intervention showed no clear difference in shock; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Fibrin glue instillation under skin flaps vs no‐fibrin

Incidence of postoperativeseromaRR · people with breast and axillary surgery

Fibrin glue instillation under skin flaps showed no clear difference in incidence of postoperativeseromaRR compared with no‐fibrin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review