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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,956 questions in 143 reviews · Musculoskeletal
current versionsNo studies 555 · 28.4%Ungraded 107 · 5.5%Very low 255 · 13%Low 555 · 28.4%Moderate 357 · 18.3%High 127 · 6.5%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Subacromial decompression vs placebo surgery Functional outcome (Constant score from 0‐100, 100 is best) · people with impingement syndrome without full‐thickness rotator cuff tears Subacromial decompression surgery for rotator cuff disease (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 274 participants | High |
Subacromial decompression vs placebo surgery Global assessment of treatment success · people with impingement syndrome without full‐thickness rotator cuff tears Subacromial decompression surgery for rotator cuff disease (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.08 [0.93, 1.27] | 2 studies · 290 participants | Moderate |
Subacromial decompression vs placebo surgery Health‐related quality of life (scale from −0.59 to 1, 1 is perfect health) · people with impingement syndrome without full‐thickness rotator cuff tears Subacromial decompression surgery for rotator cuff disease (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 285 participants | High |
Subacromial decompression vs placebo surgery Adverse events · people with impingement syndrome without full‐thickness rotator cuff tears Subacromial decompression surgery for rotator cuff disease (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.91 [0.31, 2.65] | 2 studies · 406 participants | Moderate |
Subacromial decompression vs placebo surgery Serious adverse events · people with impingement syndrome without full‐thickness rotator cuff tears Subacromial decompression surgery for rotator cuff disease (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 331 participants | Moderate |
Subacromial decompression vs exercises Paina (scale from: 0‐10, 0 is no pain) · people with impingement syndrome without full‐thickness rotator cuff tears Subacromial decompression surgery for rotator cuff disease (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 316 participants | Low |
Subacromial decompression vs exercises Functional outcomee (scale from 0‐100, 100 is best) · people with impingement syndrome without full‐thickness rotator cuff tears Subacromial decompression surgery for rotator cuff disease (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 259 participants | Low |
Subacromial decompression vs exercises Global assessment of treatment success · people with impingement syndrome without full‐thickness rotator cuff tears Subacromial decompression surgery for rotator cuff disease (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.21 [0.96, 1.51] | 2 studies · 158 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Fractures · individuals with osteoporotic vertebral fracture Exercise for improving outcomes after osteoporotic vertebral fracture (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.54 [0.17, 1.71] | 1 study · 78 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Falls · individuals with osteoporotic vertebral fracture Exercise for improving outcomes after osteoporotic vertebral fracture (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.06 [0.53, 2.1] | 1 study · 89 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Pain Scale: VAS (0 to 10), pain subscale of Functional Status Index (0 to 10) Higher score indicates greater pain levels · individuals with osteoporotic vertebral fracture Exercise for improving outcomes after osteoporotic vertebral fracture (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 426 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Physical performance: performance‐based measures TUG test · individuals with osteoporotic vertebral fracture Exercise for improving outcomes after osteoporotic vertebral fracture (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 139 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Physical performance: self‐report questionnaires Physical function subscale from the QUALEFFO‐41 Scale from 0 to 100 Lower scores indicate better physical function · individuals with osteoporotic vertebral fracture Exercise for improving outcomes after osteoporotic vertebral fracture (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 109 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Disease‐specific quality of life QUALEFFO‐41 total score Scale from 0 to 100 Lower scores indicate better quality of life · individuals with osteoporotic vertebral fracture Exercise for improving outcomes after osteoporotic vertebral fracture (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 109 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Adverse events · individuals with osteoporotic vertebral fracture Exercise for improving outcomes after osteoporotic vertebral fracture (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 447 participants | Very low |
Anti‐TNF dose reduction vs anti‐TNF continuation Disease activity score · people with rheumatoid arthritis with low disease activity using a standard dose of anti‐TNF agents Down‐titration and discontinuation strategies of tumour necrosis factor–blocking agents for rheumatoid… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 501 participants | High |
Anti‐TNF discontinuation vs anti‐TNF continuation Proportion participants that switched to another biologic due to loss of response ‐ not measured · people with rheumatoid arthritis with low disease activity using a standard dose of anti‐TNF agents Down‐titration and discontinuation strategies of tumour necrosis factor–blocking agents for rheumatoid… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Anti‐TNF discontinuation vs anti‐TNF continuation Proportion participants with minimal radiographic progression · people with rheumatoid arthritis with low disease activity using a standard dose of anti‐TNF agents Down‐titration and discontinuation strategies of tumour necrosis factor–blocking agents for rheumatoid… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.69 [1.1, 2.59] | 3 studies · 549 participants | High |
Anti‐TNF discontinuation vs anti‐TNF continuation Function · people with rheumatoid arthritis with low disease activity using a standard dose of anti‐TNF agents Down‐titration and discontinuation strategies of tumour necrosis factor–blocking agents for rheumatoid… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 1498 participants | Low |
Anti‐TNF discontinuation vs anti‐TNF continuation Number of serious adverse events · people with rheumatoid arthritis with low disease activity using a standard dose of anti‐TNF agents Down‐titration and discontinuation strategies of tumour necrosis factor–blocking agents for rheumatoid… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.29 [0.82, 2.03] | 8 studies · 2095 participants | Very low |
Anti‐TNF discontinuation vs anti‐TNF continuation Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with rheumatoid arthritis with low disease activity using a standard dose of anti‐TNF agents Down‐titration and discontinuation strategies of tumour necrosis factor–blocking agents for rheumatoid… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.46 [0.75, 2.84] | 4 studies · 1116 participants | Moderate |
Anti‐TNF disease activity–guided dose tapering vs anti‐TNF continuation Disease activity score · people with rheumatoid arthritis with low disease activity using a standard dose of anti‐TNF agents Down‐titration and discontinuation strategies of tumour necrosis factor–blocking agents for rheumatoid… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 357 participants | Low |
Anti‐TNF disease activity–guided dose tapering vs anti‐TNF continuation Proportion of participants with persistent remission · people with rheumatoid arthritis with low disease activity using a standard dose of anti‐TNF agents Down‐titration and discontinuation strategies of tumour necrosis factor–blocking agents for rheumatoid… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.89 [0.75, 1.06] | 1 study · 180 participants | High |
Anti‐TNF disease activity–guided dose tapering vs anti‐TNF continuation Proportion of participants switched to another biologic due to loss of response · people with rheumatoid arthritis with low disease activity using a standard dose of anti‐TNF agents Down‐titration and discontinuation strategies of tumour necrosis factor–blocking agents for rheumatoid… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.62 [0.25, 1.54] | 2 studies · 317 participants | Low |
Anti‐TNF disease activity–guided dose tapering vs anti‐TNF continuation Proportion of participants with minimal radiographic progression · people with rheumatoid arthritis with low disease activity using a standard dose of anti‐TNF agents Down‐titration and discontinuation strategies of tumour necrosis factor–blocking agents for rheumatoid… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.45 [0.77, 2.73] | 2 studies · 312 participants | Low |
Anti‐TNF disease activity–guided dose tapering vs anti‐TNF continuation Function · people with rheumatoid arthritis with low disease activity using a standard dose of anti‐TNF agents Down‐titration and discontinuation strategies of tumour necrosis factor–blocking agents for rheumatoid… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 123 participants | Moderate |
Anti‐TNF dose reduction vs anti‐TNF continuation Proportion of participants with persistent remission · people with rheumatoid arthritis with low disease activity using a standard dose of anti‐TNF agents Down‐titration and discontinuation strategies of tumour necrosis factor–blocking agents for rheumatoid… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.01 [0.8, 1.28] | 2 studies · 612 participants | Low |
Anti‐TNF disease activity–guided dose tapering vs anti‐TNF continuation Number of serious adverse events · people with rheumatoid arthritis with low disease activity using a standard dose of anti‐TNF agents Down‐titration and discontinuation strategies of tumour necrosis factor–blocking agents for rheumatoid… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.24 [0.42, 3.7] | 2 studies · 317 participants | Very low |
Anti‐TNF disease activity–guided dose tapering vs anti‐TNF continuation Withdrawals due to adverse events ‐ not measured · people with rheumatoid arthritis with low disease activity using a standard dose of anti‐TNF agents Down‐titration and discontinuation strategies of tumour necrosis factor–blocking agents for rheumatoid… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Anti‐TNF dose reduction vs anti‐TNF continuation Proportion of participants switched to another biologic · people with rheumatoid arthritis with low disease activity using a standard dose of anti‐TNF agents Down‐titration and discontinuation strategies of tumour necrosis factor–blocking agents for rheumatoid… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.4 [0.17, 0.93] | 1 study · 323 participants | Low |
Anti‐TNF dose reduction vs anti‐TNF continuation Proportion of participants with minimal radiographic progression · people with rheumatoid arthritis with low disease activity using a standard dose of anti‐TNF agents Down‐titration and discontinuation strategies of tumour necrosis factor–blocking agents for rheumatoid… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.22 [0.76, 1.95] | 2 studies · 553 participants | Moderate |
Anti‐TNF dose reduction vs anti‐TNF continuation Function · people with rheumatoid arthritis with low disease activity using a standard dose of anti‐TNF agents Down‐titration and discontinuation strategies of tumour necrosis factor–blocking agents for rheumatoid… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 501 participants | High |
Anti‐TNF dose reduction vs anti‐TNF continuation Number of serious adverse events · people with rheumatoid arthritis with low disease activity using a standard dose of anti‐TNF agents Down‐titration and discontinuation strategies of tumour necrosis factor–blocking agents for rheumatoid… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.09 [0.65, 1.82] | 5 studies · 1084 participants | Low |
Anti‐TNF dose reduction vs anti‐TNF continuation Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with rheumatoid arthritis with low disease activity using a standard dose of anti‐TNF agents Down‐titration and discontinuation strategies of tumour necrosis factor–blocking agents for rheumatoid… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.07 [0.51, 2.24] | 3 studies · 937 participants | Low |
Anti‐TNF discontinuation vs anti‐TNF continuation Disease activity score ‐ · people with rheumatoid arthritis with low disease activity using a standard dose of anti‐TNF agents Down‐titration and discontinuation strategies of tumour necrosis factor–blocking agents for rheumatoid… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 733 participants | Moderate |
Anti‐TNF discontinuation vs anti‐TNF continuation Proportion of participants with persistent remission · people with rheumatoid arthritis with low disease activity using a standard dose of anti‐TNF agents Down‐titration and discontinuation strategies of tumour necrosis factor–blocking agents for rheumatoid… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 1188 participants | Low |
Exercise programmes vs no intervention Physical function · adults with ankylosing spondylitis Exercise programmes for ankylosing spondylitis (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 312 participants | Moderate |
Exercise programmes vs usual care Patient global assessment of disease activity · adults with ankylosing spondylitis Exercise programmes for ankylosing spondylitis (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 1068 participants | Low |
Exercise programmes vs usual care Spinal mobility · adults with ankylosing spondylitis Exercise programmes for ankylosing spondylitis (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 85 participants | Very low |
Exercise programmes vs usual care Fatigue · adults with ankylosing spondylitis Exercise programmes for ankylosing spondylitis (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Exercise programmes vs usual care Adverse effects associated with exercises Exercise programme duration: range 3 to 24 weeks · adults with ankylosing spondylitis Exercise programmes for ankylosing spondylitis (2019) · Cochrane | Peto OR 6.25 [0.1, 320.4] | 2 studies · 110 participants | Very low |
Exercise programmes vs usual care Adverse events Exercise programme duration: range 3 to 24 weeks · adults with ankylosing spondylitis Exercise programmes for ankylosing spondylitis (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Exercise programmes vs no intervention Pain · adults with ankylosing spondylitis Exercise programmes for ankylosing spondylitis (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 288 participants | Low |
Exercise programmes vs no intervention Patient global assessment of disease activity · adults with ankylosing spondylitis Exercise programmes for ankylosing spondylitis (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 262 participants | Moderate |
Exercise programmes vs no intervention Spinal mobility · adults with ankylosing spondylitis Exercise programmes for ankylosing spondylitis (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 232 participants | Very low |
Exercise programmes vs no intervention Fatigue · adults with ankylosing spondylitis Exercise programmes for ankylosing spondylitis (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 72 participants | Very low |
Exercise programmes vs no intervention Adverse effects associated with exercises Exercise programme duration: range 3 to 24 weeks · adults with ankylosing spondylitis Exercise programmes for ankylosing spondylitis (2019) · Cochrane | Peto OR 6.25 [0.1, 320.4] | 2 studies · 110 participants | Very low |
Exercise programmes vs no intervention Withdrawals because of adverse events Exercise programme duration: range 3 to 24 weeks · adults with ankylosing spondylitis Exercise programmes for ankylosing spondylitis (2019) · Cochrane | Peto OR 1.08 [0.74, 1.57] | 8 studies · 1343 participants | Low |
Exercise programmes vs usual care Physical function · adults with ankylosing spondylitis Exercise programmes for ankylosing spondylitis (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 1068 participants | Moderate |
Exercise programmes vs usual care Pain · adults with ankylosing spondylitis Exercise programmes for ankylosing spondylitis (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 911 participants | Moderate |