Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,733 questions · 1,794 findings · 326 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 243 · 13.5%GRADE not reported 96 · 5.4%Very low 597 · 33.3%Low 506 · 28.2%Moderate 303 · 16.9%High 49 · 2.7%

Effects of instructions vs No special instructions (control)

PAR (dB) at short‐term · workers exposed to noise using earplugs

1 finding from 1 review

Hearing protection field attenuation estimation systems and associated training for reducing workers’ exposure to noise 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 285 participants
Moderate

Dietary interventions vs control

BMI short‐term (12 weeks from baseline to < 9 months) · children aged 5 to 11 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years old 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 2107 participants
Low

Activity interventions vs control

zBMI short term (12 weeks from baseline to < 9 months) · children aged 5 to 11 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years old 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 3580 participants
Low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

BMI short‐term (12 weeks from baseline to < 9 months) · children aged 5 to 11 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years old 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
27 studies · 16066 participants
Low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

zBMI short term (12 weeks from baseline to < 9 months) · children aged 5 to 11 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years old 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
26 studies · 12784 participants
Low

Dietary interventions vs control

zBMI short term (12 weeks from baseline to < 9 months) · children aged 5 to 11 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years old 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 3695 participants
Moderate

Activity interventions vs control

BMI short‐term (12 weeks from baseline to < 9 months) · children aged 5 to 11 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years old 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
14 studies · 4069 participants
Low

Dietary interventions vs control

Body‐mass index (BMI) · children aged 12 to 18 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 12 to 18 years old 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 605 participants
Very low

Activity interventions vs control

zBMI short term (12 weeks from baseline to < 9 months) · children aged 12 to 18 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 12 to 18 years old 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 4718 participants
High

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

Body‐mass index (BMI) · children aged 12 to 18 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 12 to 18 years old 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
11 studies · 3429 participants
High

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

zBMI short term (12 weeks from baseline to < 9 months) · children aged 12 to 18 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 12 to 18 years old 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 515 participants
Very low

Dietary interventions vs control

zBMI short term (12 weeks from baseline to < 9 months) · children aged 12 to 18 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 12 to 18 years old 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 3154 participants
Low

Activity interventions vs control

Body‐mass index (BMI) · children aged 12 to 18 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 12 to 18 years old 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 1780 participants
Low

Hypertonic saline 3% to 7% vs Normal saline

FEV1 % predicted: relative change from baseline · adults and children with cystic fibrosis (stable lung disease)

1 finding from 1 review

Nebulised hypertonic saline for cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 246 participants
Very low

Hypertonic saline vs rhDNase with

FEV1 % predicted: relative change from baseline · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

1 finding from 1 review

Nebulised hypertonic saline for cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 14 participants
Very low

Hypertonic saline vs amiloride

Lung function: FEV1 mL (change from baseline) · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Nebulised hypertonic saline for cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Hypertonic saline vs sodium‐2‐mercaptoethane sulphonate (Mistabron®)

FEV1: short term · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Nebulised hypertonic saline for cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Hypertonic saline vs mannitol

FEV1: short term · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

1 finding from 1 review

Nebulised hypertonic saline for cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 12 participants
Very low

Hypertonic saline 7% vs xylitol

FEV1 % predicted: relative change from baseline · adults with cystic fibrosis

1 finding from 1 review

Nebulised hypertonic saline for cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 89 participants
Very low

Hypertonic saline 7% vs hypertonic saline

FEV1 % predicted: relative change from baseline · children with cystic fibrosis

1 finding from 1 review

Nebulised hypertonic saline for cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 30 participants
Very low