What do systematic reviews say?

Adults: higher dose/longer course vs lower dose/shorter course

• Different oral corticosteroid regimens for acute asthma 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 41 participants
  Very low

Adults: higher dose/longer course vs lower dose/shorter course

It is very uncertain whether adults: higher dose/longer course changes all adverse events compared with lower dose/shorter course (very low certainty).

• Different oral corticosteroid regimens for acute asthma 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 4.15 [0.94, 18.41]
  1 study · 43 participants
  Very low

Comparison 12.8: Long‐term therapy vs TAU or another comparator

Comparison 12.8: Long‐term therapy showed no clear difference in repetition of SH at post‐intervention compared with TAU or another comparator (low certainty).

• Psychosocial interventions for self‐harm in adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1 [0.35, 2.86]
  1 study · 80 participants
  Low

Children: higher dose/longer course vs lower dose/shorter course

• Different oral corticosteroid regimens for acute asthma 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 98 participants
  Very low

Children: higher dose/longer course vs lower dose/shorter course

Children: higher dose/longer course showed no clear difference in asthma symptoms Symptom free by 7 days compared with lower dose/shorter course (moderate certainty).

• Different oral corticosteroid regimens for acute asthma 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.22 [0.67, 2.19]
  1 study · 201 participants
  Moderate

Children: higher dose/longer course vs lower dose/shorter course

• Different oral corticosteroid regimens for acute asthma 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 201 participants
  GRADE not reported

Children: higher dose/longer course vs lower dose/shorter course

Children: higher dose/longer course showed no clear difference in new exacerbation during compared with lower dose/shorter course (low certainty).

• Different oral corticosteroid regimens for acute asthma 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.38 [0.25, 7.47]
  2 studies · 231 participants
  Low
• Different oral corticosteroid regimens for acute asthma 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 2.17 [0.67, 7.01]
  1 study · 100 participants
  Very low

Children: higher dose/longer course vs lower dose/shorter course

• Different oral corticosteroid regimens for acute asthma 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 34 participants
  GRADE not reported

Children: higher dose/longer course vs lower dose/shorter course

Children: higher dose/longer course showed no clear difference in all adverse events compared with lower dose/shorter course (moderate certainty).

• Different oral corticosteroid regimens for acute asthma 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.67 [0.11, 4.08]
  1 study · 201 participants
  Moderate

Prolonged feeding: hydrolysed formula vs cow's milk formula

It is very uncertain whether prolonged feeding: hydrolysed formula changes all allergic disease ‐ Infancy (incidence) compared with cow's milk formula (very low certainty).

• Infant formulas containing hydrolysed protein for prevention of allergic disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.88 [0.76, 1.01]
  8 studies · 2852 participants
  Very low

Prolonged feeding: hydrolysed formula vs cow's milk formula

It is very uncertain whether prolonged feeding: hydrolysed formula changes all allergic disease ‐ Childhood (incidence) compared with cow's milk formula (very low certainty).

• Infant formulas containing hydrolysed protein for prevention of allergic disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.85 [0.69, 1.05]
  2 studies · 950 participants
  Very low

Prolonged feeding: hydrolysed formula vs cow's milk formula

It is very uncertain whether prolonged feeding: hydrolysed formula changes asthma ‐ Infancy (incidence) compared with cow's milk formula (very low certainty).

• Infant formulas containing hydrolysed protein for prevention of allergic disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.57 [0.31, 1.04]
  4 studies · 318 participants
  Very low

Prolonged feeding: hydrolysed formula vs cow's milk formula

It is very uncertain whether prolonged feeding: hydrolysed formula changes eczema ‐ Infancy (incidence) compared with cow's milk formula (very low certainty).

• Infant formulas containing hydrolysed protein for prevention of allergic disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.93 [0.79, 1.09]
  9 studies · 2896 participants
  Very low

Prolonged feeding: hydrolysed formula vs cow's milk formula

It is very uncertain whether prolonged feeding: hydrolysed formula changes rhinitis ‐ Infancy (incidence) compared with cow's milk formula (very low certainty).

• Infant formulas containing hydrolysed protein for prevention of allergic disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.52 [0.14, 1.85]
  3 studies · 256 participants
  Very low

Prolonged feeding: hydrolysed formula vs cow's milk formula

It is very uncertain whether prolonged feeding: hydrolysed formula changes food allergy ‐ Infancy (incidence) compared with cow's milk formula (very low certainty).

• Infant formulas containing hydrolysed protein for prevention of allergic disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.42 [0.87, 2.33]
  2 studies · 479 participants
  Very low

Prolonged feeding: hydrolysed formula vs cow's milk formula

It is very uncertain whether prolonged feeding: hydrolysed formula changes cow's milk allergy ‐ Infancy (incidence) compared with cow's milk formula (very low certainty).

• Infant formulas containing hydrolysed protein for prevention of allergic disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.31 [0.24, 21.97]
  1 study · 338 participants
  Very low

Longer intervals (5‐15 days) (intervention) vs shorter intervals (2‐5 days) (control) between dressing changes

Longer intervals (5‐15 days) (intervention) showed no clear difference in catheter‐related blood stream infection (CRBSI) compared with shorter intervals (2‐5 days) (control) between dressing changes (low certainty).

• Frequency of dressing changes for central venous access devices on catheter‐related infections 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.42 [0.4, 4.98]
  Studies not reported
  Low

Longer intervals (5‐15 days) (intervention) vs shorter intervals (2‐5 days) (control) between dressing changes

Longer intervals (5‐15 days) (intervention) showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with shorter intervals (2‐5 days) (control) between dressing changes (low certainty).

• Frequency of dressing changes for central venous access devices on catheter‐related infections 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.06 [0.9, 1.25]
  Studies not reported
  Low

Longer intervals (5‐15 days) (intervention) vs shorter intervals (2‐5 days) (control) between dressing changes

• Frequency of dressing changes for central venous access devices on catheter‐related infections 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Longer intervals (5‐15 days) (intervention) vs shorter intervals (2‐5 days) (control) between dressing changes

Longer intervals (5‐15 days) (intervention) showed no clear difference in pain № of participants: 193 (2 RCTs) compared with shorter intervals (2‐5 days) (control) between dressing changes (low certainty).

• Frequency of dressing changes for central venous access devices on catheter‐related infections 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.8 [0.46, 1.38]
  Studies not reported
  Low