Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

351 questions · 368 findings · 41 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 47 · 12.8%GRADE not reported 16 · 4.3%Very low 68 · 18.5%Low 92 · 25%Moderate 97 · 26.4%High 48 · 13%

Taxane‐platinum‐fluoropyrimidine combinations vs taxane‐platinum (without fluoropyrimidine)

Progression‐free survival · people with advanced gastric cancer

Taxane‐platinum‐fluoropyrimidine combinations probably leads to lower progression‐free survival compared with taxane‐platinum (without fluoropyrimidine) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Taxane‐platinum‐fluoropyrimidine combinations vs taxane‐platinum (without fluoropyrimidine)

Treatment‐related death · people with advanced gastric cancer

It is very uncertain whether taxane‐platinum‐fluoropyrimidine combinations changes treatment‐related death compared with taxane‐platinum (without fluoropyrimidine) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Taxane‐platinum‐fluoropyrimidine combinations vs taxane‐platinum (without fluoropyrimidine)

Treatment discontinuation due to toxicity · people with advanced gastric cancer

It is very uncertain whether taxane‐platinum‐fluoropyrimidine combinations changes treatment discontinuation due to toxicity compared with taxane‐platinum (without fluoropyrimidine) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Longer vs shorter duration of combination nicotine replacement therapy

Smoking cessation ‐ 16 weeks versus 8 weeks · people who smoke

It is very uncertain whether longer changes smoking cessation ‐ 16 weeks versus 8 weeks compared with shorter duration of combination nicotine replacement therapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Longer vs shorter duration of combination nicotine replacement therapy

SAEs · people who smoke

It is very uncertain whether longer changes overall SAEs ‐ 26 weeks versus 8 weeks compared with shorter duration of combination nicotine replacement therapy (very low certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Carboplatin vs cisplatin chemotherapy

Overall survival (baseline risks for low‐ and high‐risk groups in the control arm were estimated at 1 year) · combination with third‐generation drugs for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Carboplatin showed no clear difference in overall survival (baseline risks for low‐ and high‐risk groups in… compared with cisplatin chemotherapy (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carboplatin vs cisplatin chemotherapy

Adverse events: neurotoxicity (grade 3/4) ( · combination with third‐generation drugs for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Carboplatin probably leads to higher grade III or IV neurotoxicity compared with cisplatin chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carboplatin vs cisplatin chemotherapy

Safety (AE, adverse drug reaction): thrombocytopenia Grades 3 or 4 according to National Cancer Institute · combination with third‐generation drugs for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Carboplatin probably leads to higher grade III or IV thrombocytopenia compared with cisplatin chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carboplatin vs cisplatin chemotherapy

Grade III or IV renal toxicity · combination with third‐generation drugs for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Carboplatin showed no clear difference in grade III or IV renal toxicity compared with cisplatin chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunitinib vs adjuvant immunotherapy (combined ipilimumab and nivolumab)

Progression‐free survival (PSF) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type); IMDC intermediate, poor risk patients only.

Sunitinib may leads to higher progression‐free survival (absolute effect size estimates based on… compared with nivolumab + ipilimumab (targeted agent versus combinations of… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunitinib vs adjuvant immunotherapy (combined ipilimumab and nivolumab)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 12 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type); IMDC intermediate, poor risk patients only.

Sunitinib leads to higher overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with nivolumab + ipilimumab (targeted agent versus combinations of… (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunitinib vs adjuvant immunotherapy (combined ipilimumab and nivolumab)

Serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type); IMDC intermediate, poor risk patients only.

Sunitinib probably leads to higher serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) compared with nivolumab + ipilimumab (targeted agent versus combinations of… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review