Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

3,747 questions · 3,943 findings · 594 reviews

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No studies found 784 · 19.9%GRADE not reported 530 · 13.4%Very low 1,040 · 26.4%Low 981 · 24.9%Moderate 444 · 11.3%High 164 · 4.2%

Subcuticular sutures vs transdermal sutures

Wound closure time (minutes) · skin closure in non‐obstetric surgery

Subcuticular sutures probably leads to higher wound closure time (minutes) compared with transdermal sutures (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Subcuticular sutures for skin closure in non‐obstetric surgery 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 5.81 [5.13, 6.49]
2 studies · 585 participants
Moderate

Subcuticular sutures vs transdermal sutures

Costs · skin closure in non‐obstetric surgery

Subcuticular sutures showed no clear difference in cost compared with transdermal sutures (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Subcuticular sutures for skin closure in non‐obstetric surgery 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 100 participants
Low

Subcuticular sutures vs skin staples

Surgical site infection · skin closure in non‐obstetric surgery

Subcuticular sutures showed no clear difference in surgical site infection Incidence of wound infection compared with skin staples (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Subcuticular sutures for skin closure in non‐obstetric surgery 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.81 [0.64, 1.01]
14 studies · 4163 participants
Moderate

Subcuticular sutures vs skin staples

Wound complications · skin closure in non‐obstetric surgery

Subcuticular sutures probably leads to lower wound complications Incidence of wound complications compared with skin staples (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Subcuticular sutures for skin closure in non‐obstetric surgery 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.79 [0.64, 0.98]
9 studies · 2973 participants
Moderate

Supine midline head position vs any other supine head position

All‐cause mortality during hospital stay · very preterm infants with or at risk of germinal matrix‐intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm infants

It is very uncertain whether supine midline head position changes mortality during initial hospitalisation compared with any other supine head position (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Head midline position for preventing the occurrence or extension of germinal matrix‐intraventricular haemorrhage in… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.5 [0.28, 0.9]
3 studies · 290 participants
Very low

Supine midline head position vs any other supine head position

Retinopathy of prematurity, > stage 3 · very preterm infants with or at risk of germinal matrix‐intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm infants

It is very uncertain whether supine midline head position changes retinopathy of prematurity, > stage 3 compared with any other supine head position (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Head midline position for preventing the occurrence or extension of germinal matrix‐intraventricular haemorrhage in… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.9 [0.41, 1.97]
2 studies · 222 participants
Very low

Supine midline head position vs any other supine head position

Long‐term neurodevelopmental outcome ‒not reported · very preterm infants with or at risk of germinal matrix‐intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm infants

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Head midline position for preventing the occurrence or extension of germinal matrix‐intraventricular haemorrhage in… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Supine midline head position vs any other supine head position

Major neurodevelopmental disability ‒not reported · very preterm infants with or at risk of germinal matrix‐intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm infants

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Head midline position for preventing the occurrence or extension of germinal matrix‐intraventricular haemorrhage in… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Supine midline head position vs any other supine head position

Cerebellar haemorrhage on brain ultrasound ‐ not reported · very preterm infants with or at risk of germinal matrix‐intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm infants

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Head midline position for preventing the occurrence or extension of germinal matrix‐intraventricular haemorrhage in… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Macroplastique vs dextranomer/hyaluronic acid polymer (Deflux) to correct vesicoureteric reflux

Febrile UTI by 1 year · primary VUR

Macroplastique showed no clear difference in number of children with febrile UTI compared with dextranomer/hyaluronic acid polymer (Deflux) to correct… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for primary vesicoureteric reflux 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.09 [0.45, 2.66]
1 study · 255 participants
Low

Macroplastique vs dextranomer/hyaluronic acid polymer (Deflux) to correct vesicoureteric reflux

Number of children with afebrile UTI · primary VUR

Macroplastique showed no clear difference in number of children with afebrile UTI compared with dextranomer/hyaluronic acid polymer (Deflux) to correct… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for primary vesicoureteric reflux 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.68 [0.52, 5.44]
1 study · 72 participants
Low

Macroplastique vs dextranomer/hyaluronic acid polymer (Deflux) to correct vesicoureteric reflux

Number of ureters with persistent VUR > grade 1 at 1 year · primary VUR

Macroplastique probably leads to lower number of ureters with persistent VUR > grade 1 at 1 year compared with dextranomer/hyaluronic acid polymer (Deflux) to correct… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for primary vesicoureteric reflux 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.54 [0.35, 0.83]
2 studies · 472 participants
Moderate

Macroplastique vs dextranomer/hyaluronic acid polymer (Deflux) to correct vesicoureteric reflux

Number of kidneys with temporary renal dilatation after injection · primary VUR

Macroplastique may leads to higher number of kidneys with temporary renal dilatation after injection compared with dextranomer/hyaluronic acid polymer (Deflux) to correct… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for primary vesicoureteric reflux 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.85 [1.02, 3.35]
1 study · 114 participants
Low

Macroplastique vs dextranomer/hyaluronic acid polymer (Deflux) to correct vesicoureteric reflux

Ureteral obstruction · primary VUR

Macroplastique showed no clear difference in ureteral obstruction compared with dextranomer/hyaluronic acid polymer (Deflux) to correct… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for primary vesicoureteric reflux 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.46 [0.25, 8.66]
1 study · 399 participants
Low

Macroplastique vs dextranomer/hyaluronic acid polymer (Deflux) to correct vesicoureteric reflux

Post operative flank pain · primary VUR

Macroplastique showed no clear difference in post operative flank pain compared with dextranomer/hyaluronic acid polymer (Deflux) to correct… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for primary vesicoureteric reflux 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.45 [0.33, 6.36]
1 study · 255 participants
Low

Macroplastique vs dextranomer/hyaluronic acid polymer (Deflux) to correct vesicoureteric reflux

New renal parenchymal defects on DMSA scan (kidney injury) · primary VUR

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for primary vesicoureteric reflux 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Band ligation vs no intervention

Outcomes* · adults with oesophageal varices

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Band ligation versus no intervention for primary prevention of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in adults with… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Band ligation vs no intervention

All‐cause mortality · adults with oesophageal varices

Band ligation probably leads to lower mortality compared with no intervention (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Band ligation versus no intervention for primary prevention of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in adults with… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.55 [0.43, 0.7]
6 studies · 637 participants
Moderate

Band ligation vs no intervention

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding · adults with oesophageal varices

Band ligation probably leads to lower upper gastrointestinal bleeding compared with no intervention (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Band ligation versus no intervention for primary prevention of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in adults with… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.44 [0.28, 0.72]
6 studies · 637 participants
Moderate

Band ligation vs no intervention

Serious adverse events · adults with oesophageal varices

Band ligation probably leads to lower serious adverse events compared with no intervention (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Band ligation versus no intervention for primary prevention of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in adults with… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.55 [0.43, 0.7]
6 studies · 637 participants
Moderate