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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,805 questions · 2,912 findings · 307 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 706 · 24.2%GRADE not reported 133 · 4.6%Very low 786 · 27%Low 696 · 23.9%Moderate 474 · 16.3%High 117 · 4%

Summary of findings: cycled vs culture‐based antibiotic therapy

Adverse events: severe adverse events (total) · children (aged 1 to 12 years) with CF and a newly isolated PA infection

Summary of findings: cycled showed no clear difference in adverse events: severe adverse events (total) compared with culture‐based antibiotic therapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: cycled vs culture‐based antibiotic therapy

Emergence of novel bacteria: isolation of novel gram negative organisms · children (aged 1 to 12 years) with CF and a newly isolated PA infection

Summary of findings: cycled showed no clear difference in emergence of novel bacteria: isolation of novel gram negative… compared with culture‐based antibiotic therapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

TENS vs sham TENS

Resolution of daytime urinary incontinence · children aged 3 to 18 years with daytime urinary incontinence

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) may leads to higher resolution of daytime urinary incontinence after 7 to 20 weeks'… compared with placebo (sham TENS) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Voiding education with uroflow feedback and urotherapy vs urotherapy alone

Resolution of daytime urinary incontinence · children aged 5 to 16 years with daytime urinary incontinence

Voiding education with uroflow feedback and urotherapy showed no clear difference in resolution of daytime urinary incontinence at 6 to 12 months after 6… compared with urotherapy alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Timer watch plus standard urotherapy vs urotherapy alone

Resolution of daytime urinary incontinence · children aged 5 to 14 years with overactive bladder and at least one episode of daytime urinary incontinence per week

It is very uncertain whether timer watch plus standard urotherapy changes resolution of daytime urinary incontinence after 3 months of treatment compared with standard urotherapy alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Timer watch plus standard urotherapy vs urotherapy alone

Frequency of incontinence episodes · children aged 5 to 14 years with overactive bladder and at least one episode of daytime urinary incontinence per week

It is very uncertain whether timer watch plus standard urotherapy changes frequency of incontinence episodes at 3 months compared with standard urotherapy alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review