Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

2,061 questions · 2,151 findings · 116 reviews

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No studies found 609 · 28.3%GRADE not reported 268 · 12.5%Very low 635 · 29.5%Low 491 · 22.8%Moderate 122 · 5.7%High 26 · 1.2%

Electrostimulation (device) vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Adverse events · Adults with dry mouth due to Sjogren's Syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
Wong 2003 stated 'no adverse effects were caused by Codetron'; Steller 1988 and Talal 1992 did not mention whether adverse effects occurred
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported

Acupuncture vs sham

Dry mouth (xerostomia) · Adults with dry mouth due to radiotherapy (head and neck cancer) or Sjogren's Syndrome

Acupuncture showed no clear difference in dry mouth (mouth dryness, different scales) compared with placebo (sham acupuncture) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
End of treatment (4-6 weeks)
SMD -0.34 [-0.81, 0.14]
2 studies · 70 participants
Low

Powered toothbrush (any mode of action) vs Manual toothbrush

Unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) · Adults with medication-related dry mouth

Powered toothbrush showed no clear difference in unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) compared with manual toothbrush; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
45 minutes after brushing
MD -0.07 [-0.74, 0.60]
1 study
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

fatigue (Andrographis paniculata) · patients with rheumatoid arthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 58 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

fatigue (data tracker) · patients with rheumatoid arthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 714 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

fatigue (Omega‐3 Fatty acids) · patients with rheumatoid arthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 81 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

fatigue (Mediterranean diet) · patients with rheumatoid arthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 51 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

fatigue (reflexology) · patients with rheumatoid arthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 11 participants
Low

Acupuncture vs sham

Patient satisfaction with treatment · Adults with dry mouth due to radiotherapy (head and neck cancer) or Sjogren's Syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Powered toothbrush (any mode of action) vs Manual toothbrush

Stimulated whole saliva (SWS) · Adults with medication-related dry mouth

Powered toothbrush showed no clear difference in stimulated whole saliva (SWS) compared with manual toothbrush; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
5 minutes after brushing
MD -0.13 [-1.92, 1.66]
1 study
GRADE not reported

Electrostimulation (device) vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) · Adults with dry mouth due to Sjogren's Syndrome

It is very uncertain whether electrostimulation (device) changes unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) compared with placebo (sham/placebo device) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
End of treatment (4 weeks)
MD 0.02 [-0.12, 0.16]
1 study · 24 participants
Very low

Acupuncture vs sham

Adverse events · Adults with dry mouth due to radiotherapy (head and neck cancer) or Sjogren's Syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
Acupuncture was associated with more adverse effects (tiny bruises and tiredness, mild and temporary); List 1998 noted significant eye discomfort; Pfister 2010 reported temporary increases in pain, minor bruising or…
4 studies
GRADE not reported

Electrostimulation (device) vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Duration of effectiveness · Adults with dry mouth due to Sjogren's Syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Powered toothbrush (any mode of action) vs Manual toothbrush

Dry mouth (xerostomia) · Adults with medication-related dry mouth

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
Papas 2006 used a VAS to measure mouth dryness but did not report dry mouth outcome data
1 study
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Depression remission · adults with diabetes mellitus and depression

The intervention probably leads to higher depression remission (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological and pharmacological interventions for depression in patients with diabetes mellitus and depression 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 2.88 [1.58, 5.25]
4 studies · 647 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Death from any cause · adults with diabetes mellitus and depression

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological and pharmacological interventions for depression in patients with diabetes mellitus and depression 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Health‐related quality of life · adults with diabetes mellitus and depression

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological and pharmacological interventions for depression in patients with diabetes mellitus and depression 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 153 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Medication adherence/adverse effects · adults with diabetes mellitus and depression

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological and pharmacological interventions for depression in patients with diabetes mellitus and depression 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 28 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Metabolic control (HbA1c) [%] · adults with diabetes mellitus and depression

The intervention showed no clear difference in metabolic control (HbA1c) [%] (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological and pharmacological interventions for depression in patients with diabetes mellitus and depression 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 238 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Healthcare costs · adults with diabetes mellitus and depression

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological and pharmacological interventions for depression in patients with diabetes mellitus and depression 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found