Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

184 questions · 190 findings · 19 reviews · Pregnancy and Childbirth

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No studies found 62 · 32.6%GRADE not reported 5 · 2.6%Very low 37 · 19.5%Low 45 · 23.7%Moderate 36 · 18.9%High 5 · 2.6%

Continuous support vs usual care

Length of labour (hours) · women during childbirth

1 finding from 1 review

Continuous support for women during childbirth 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
13 studies · 5429 participants
Low

Continuous support vs usual care

Caesarean section · women during childbirth

Continuous support may leads to lower caesarean birth compared with usual care (all trials) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Continuous support for women during childbirth 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.75 [0.64, 0.88]
24 studies · 15347 participants
Low

Glycerine gel dressing vs usual care

Nipple pain Nipple trauma: midwife assessed based on scale of 1‐3 with: 1 = better/resolved, 2 = no change, and 3 = worse · breastfeeding women with sore nipples

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for treating painful nipples among breastfeeding women 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 63 participants
Low

Breast shells with lanolin vs usual care

Nipple pain 5‐point verbal descriptor scale · breastfeeding women with sore nipples

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for treating painful nipples among breastfeeding women 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 61 participants
Low