Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

289 questions · 326 findings · 19 reviews · Drugs and Alcohol

No studies found 13 · 4%GRADE not reported 33 · 10.1%Very low 108 · 33.1%Low 109 · 33.4%Moderate 52 · 16%High 11 · 3.4%

Cognitive‐behavioural coping skills training (CBCST) vs Twelve Step Facilitation

Retention [ · concurrent problem alcohol and illicit drug users

It is very uncertain whether cognitive‐behavioural coping skills training (CBCST) changes retention ‐ end of treatment compared with twelve‐step facilitation (TSF) programme to reduce alcohol consumption (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Brief intervention vs treatment

Number of drinks per week · concurrent problem alcohol and illicit drug users
2 findings from 1 review

Valproate vs placebo or no intervention

Benzodiazepine discontinuation, end of intervention · adults who withdraw from chronic benzodiazepine use

It is very uncertain whether valproate changes benzodiazepine discontinuation, end of intervention compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Paroxetine vs placebo or no intervention

Benzodiazepine discontinuation, end of intervention · adults who withdraw from chronic benzodiazepine use

It is very uncertain whether paroxetine changes benzodiazepine discontinuation, end of intervention compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review