Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,209 questions · 2,322 findings · 227 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 644 · 27.7%GRADE not reported 135 · 5.8%Very low 591 · 25.5%Low 582 · 25.1%Moderate 309 · 13.3%High 61 · 2.6%

Active drain vs passive drain

Length of hospital stay · people undergoing elective pancreatic resections

It is very uncertain whether active drain changes length of hospital stay compared with passive drain following pancreatic surgery (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Active drain vs passive drain

All‐cause mortality · people undergoing elective pancreatic resections

It is very uncertain whether active drain changes mortality compared with passive drain following pancreatic surgery (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Treatment of UI after radical: one active treatment vs other active intervention

Number of incontinent men within 6 to 12 months ‐ FES versus ExMI · Patients with postprostatectomy UI

It is very uncertain whether treatment of UI after radical: one active treatment changes number of incontinent men within 6 to 12 months ‐ FES versus ExMI compared with another active treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of UI after radical: one active treatment vs other active intervention

Adverse events PFMT + Anal EStim versus PFMT alone · Patients with postprostatectomy UI

Treatment of UI after radical: one active treatment showed no clear difference in adverse events PFMT + Anal EStim versus PFMT alone compared with another active treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prevention of UI after radical: one active treatment vs another active treatment (PFMT + penile vibration pre and post‐operation versus PFMT pre and post‐operation)

Number of incontinent men ‐ after 12 months · All men after radical prostatectomy

Prevention of UI after radical: one active treatment showed no clear difference in number of incontinent men after 12 months compared with another active treatment (PFMT + penile vibration pre and… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review