What do systematic reviews say?

High‐dose chemotherapy vs chemotherapy without bone marrow transplant or stem cell rescue

High‐dose chemotherapy leads to higher treatment‐related mortality compared with chemotherapy without bone marrow transplant or stem cell rescue (high certainty).

• High‐dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow or stem cell transplantation versus conventional chemotherapy for… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 7.97 [3.99, 15.92]
  14 studies · 5600 participants
  High

Cytarabine plus high‐dose methotrexate vs high‐dose methotrexate alone

Cytarabine plus high‐dose methotrexate showed no clear difference in treatment‐related mortality compared with high‐dose methotrexate alone (moderate certainty).

• Role of chemotherapy additional to high‐dose methotrexate for primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 3.08 [0.33, 28.32]
  1 study · 79 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation following high‐dose chemotherapy for nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 83 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in treatment‐related mortality (moderate certainty).

• High‐dose therapy with autologous stem cell transplantation versus chemotherapy or immuno‐chemotherapy for follicular… 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.28 [0.25, 6.61]
  4 studies · 941 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in treatment‐related mortality ‐ overall analysis (at 3 years) (moderate certainty).

• High‐dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation for patients with relapsed/refractory Hodgkin… 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.61 [0.16, 2.22]
  2 studies · 157 participants
  Moderate