Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

13 questions · 15 findings · 5 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 3 · 20%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 5 · 33.3%Moderate 2 · 13.3%High 5 · 33.3%

Heparin vs placebo

Symptomatic VTE · people requiring prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee replacement or hip fracture repair

Heparin showed no clear difference in symptomatic VTE (DVT and PE) Treatment duration 28 ‐ 42 days compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin vs unfractionated heparin

Symptomatic recurrent VTE at 3 months · people aged ≥ 18 years with a diagnosis of new or recurrent VTE

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin showed no clear difference in symptomatic recurrent VTE at 3 months compared with intravenous unfractionated heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin vs low molecular weight heparin

Symptomatic recurrent VTE at 3 months · people aged ≥ 18 years with a diagnosis of new or recurrent VTE

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin showed no clear difference in symptomatic recurrent VTE at 3 months compared with low molecular weight heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Low molecular weight heparin vs active control

Symptomatic VTE · ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy

Low‐molecular‐weight heparin showed no clear difference in symptomatic VTE compared with with active control (1) (low certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Vitamin K antagonists vs heparin

Symptomatic VTE · people requiring prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee replacement or hip fracture repair

Vitamin K antagonists showed no clear difference in symptomatic VTE (DVT and PE) Treatment duration 28 ‐ 42 days compared with heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

DOAC vs heparin

Symptomatic VTE · people requiring prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee replacement or hip fracture repair

DOAC showed no clear difference in symptomatic VTE (DVT and PE) Treatment duration 28 ‐ 42 days compared with heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review