What do systematic reviews say?

Low‐level laser therapy vs Conventional orthodontic appliance treatment

• Non‐surgical adjunctive interventions for accelerating tooth movement in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF states harms/side effects Not reported; Ghaffer 2022 (the only LLLT study to assess harms) reported no serious harms other than gingivitis associated with plaque accumulation.
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Polaprezinc vs Azulene oral rinse

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pharmacological interventions for preventing dry mouth and salivary gland dysfunction following radiotherapy 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
  No data on adverse events were reported.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Chinese medicine vs no treatment/placebo

• Pharmacological interventions for preventing dry mouth and salivary gland dysfunction following radiotherapy 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes

  End of intervention; 1 month after RT
  Insufficient evidence of a difference for any side effects
  2 studies
  GRADE not reported

Biperiden plus pilocarpine vs no treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pharmacological interventions for preventing dry mouth and salivary gland dysfunction following radiotherapy 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
  No data were reported on side effects.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Bethanechol vs placebo

• Pharmacological interventions for preventing dry mouth and salivary gland dysfunction following radiotherapy 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
  No statistical difference between groups in bethanechol-related toxicity; no patient experienced severe (grade 3) toxicity (Jaguar 2015)
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Antiseptic mouthrinse vs placebo

• Pharmacological interventions for preventing dry mouth and salivary gland dysfunction following radiotherapy 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
  No relevant adverse events were reported in any group (Lanzos 2010)
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Venalot Depot (coumarin plus troxerutin) vs placebo

• Pharmacological interventions for preventing dry mouth and salivary gland dysfunction following radiotherapy 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
  No adverse events could be attributed to the experimental medication (Grotz 2001)
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Selenium vs no intervention

• Pharmacological interventions for preventing dry mouth and salivary gland dysfunction following radiotherapy 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes

  6 weeks after end of RT
  23 serious adverse events in the selenium group versus 22 in the control group (P = 0.476); no significant differences in toxicities (Buntzel 2010)
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Bethanechol vs Artificial saliva

• Pharmacological interventions for preventing dry mouth and salivary gland dysfunction following radiotherapy 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Low rates of adverse effects (watering eyes, nervousness, frequent urination, sweating, warm face, cramps, diarrhoea, nausea) with insufficient evidence of any differences (Jham 2007)
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Frankel's function regulator-4 (FR-4) with lip-seal training vs no treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Orthodontic and orthopaedic treatment for anterior open bite in children 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Outcome proposed in the review but not found in any included study. The review states: 'The other outcomes proposed in this review were not found: stability of anterior open bite correction; reduction of snoring; signs…
  0 studies
  No studies found

Erbium:YAG laser vs Air-abrasive device (Perio-Flow)

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes

  6 months
  After 6 months there were no complications.
  1 study · 42 participants
  GRADE not reported

Repelling-magnet splints vs Bite-blocks

• Orthodontic and orthopaedic treatment for anterior open bite in children 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes

  About 4 months (treatment interrupted early)
  "After 4 months the open bite was observed to close in the magnet group, but in four out of these ten patients, transverse problems were observed (unilateral crossbite) which led to the interruption of the treatment…
  1 study · 10 participants
  GRADE not reported

Antimicrobial lozenge vs placebo

• Pharmacological interventions for preventing dry mouth and salivary gland dysfunction following radiotherapy 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Over 6 months
  Insufficient evidence of a difference: dryness in mouth RR 1.18 (95% CI 0.97 to 1.42), diarrhoea RR 1.97 (95% CI 0.51 to 7.54), constipation RR 0.91 (95% CI 0.59 to 1.42) (Duncan 2005)
  1 study
  GRADE not reported