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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

45 questions · 45 findings · 27 reviews

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No studies found 16 · 35.6%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 14 · 31.1%Low 8 · 17.8%Moderate 6 · 13.3%High 1 · 2.2%

Band ligation vs no intervention or a sham procedure

Adverse events considered non‐serious · children with portal hypertension and large oesophageal varices, without previous gastrointestinal bleeding or beta‐blocker treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Lower blood pressure targets vs standard blood pressure targets

Total serious adverse events · cardiovascular disease with high blood pressure

Lower blood pressure targets showed no clear difference in total serious adverse events compared with standard blood pressure targets (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Band ligation vs no intervention or a sham procedure

Serious adverse events Idiopathic thrombocytopaenic purpura · children with portal hypertension and large oesophageal varices, without previous gastrointestinal bleeding or beta‐blocker treatment

It is very uncertain whether band ligation changes serious adverse events Idiopathic thrombocytopaenic purpura compared with sham or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Total serious adverse events Systolic targets · Diabetes Mellitus with elevated blood pressure

The intervention showed no clear difference in total serious adverse events Systolic targets (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Higher vs lower FiO2 or targets of arterial oxygenation

Proportion of participants with 1 or more serious adverse events according to International Conference on Harmonisation Good Clinical Practice (ICH‐GCP) · adults admitted to the ICU

It is very uncertain whether higher changes proportion of participants with ≥ 1 serious adverse events according… compared with lower FiO2 or targets of arterial oxygenation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review