Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

7 questions · 9 findings · 3 reviews · Kidney and Transplant

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 8 · 88.9%Moderate 1 · 11.1%High 0 · 0%

Cyclophosphamide vs chlorambucil

Relapse · SSNS in children

Cyclophosphamide showed no clear difference in relapse at 12 months compared with chlorambucil (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐corticosteroid immunosuppressive medications for steroid‐sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.15 [0.69, 1.94]
1 study · 50 participants
Low

Cyclophosphamide vs chlorambucil

Clinical relapse · SSNS in children

Cyclophosphamide showed no clear difference in relapse at 24 months compared with chlorambucil (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐corticosteroid immunosuppressive medications for steroid‐sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.31 [0.8, 2.13]
1 study · 50 participants
Low

IV cyclophosphamide vs IV dexamethasone and oral cyclophosphamide

Treatment response at 18 months ‐ Sustained remission/steroid sensitive relapses Clinical assessment · idiopathic steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome in children

IV cyclophosphamide showed no clear difference in treatment response at 18 months: sustained… compared with oral cyclophosphamide plus IV dexamethasone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for idiopathic steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.13 [0.65, 1.96]
1 study · 49 participants
Low

Intravenous vs oral cyclophosphamide

Clinical relapse · SSNS in children

Intravenous may leads to lower relapse at 6 months compared with oral cyclophosphamide (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐corticosteroid immunosuppressive medications for steroid‐sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.54 [0.34, 0.88]
2 studies · 83 participants
Low

Rituximab vs cyclophosphamide

Relapse · adults with renal vasculitis

Rituximab showed no clear difference in relapse at 12 months compared with cyclophosphamide (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for renal vasculitis in adults 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.43 [0.18, 11.31]
1 study · 38 participants
Low

Azathioprine vs cyclophosphamide

Relapse · adults with renal vasculitis for maintenance therapy

Azathioprine showed no clear difference in relapse at 18 months compared with cyclophosphamide (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for renal vasculitis in adults 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.13 [0.51, 2.5]
1 study · 144 participants
Moderate

Levamisole vs cyclophosphamide

Relapse · SSNS in children

Levamisole showed no clear difference in relapse: at 6 to 9 months after therapy compared with cyclophosphamide (low certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Non‐corticosteroid immunosuppressive medications for steroid‐sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.17 [0.76, 1.81]
2 studies · 97 participants
Low
Non‐corticosteroid immunosuppressive medications for steroid‐sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.89 [0.68, 1.16]
1 study · 40 participants
Low
Non‐corticosteroid immunosuppressive medications for steroid‐sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.89 [0.73, 1.1]
1 study · 40 participants
Low