What do systematic reviews say?

Resorbable (bioresorbable) plates or screws for fixation vs Titanium plates or screws for fixation

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Resorbable versus titanium plates for facial fractures 2009 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Up to 3 years postoperatively
  Planned secondary outcome not assessed: none of the retrieved studies met the inclusion criteria, so no data were available for analysis. Verbatim (Effects of interventions): "Although 53 studies were retrieved in our…
  0 studies
  No studies found

Analgesic (any: NSAID, paracetamol, local anaesthetic or opioid) vs placebo or control

• Pharmacological interventions for pain relief during orthodontic treatment 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Reported narratively by 2 studies (Wang 2012: SF-36 and SAS - significant reduction in SF-36 bodily pain at 30 days vs baseline, no significant between-group differences; Minor 2009: STAI and PANAS - no significant…
  2 studies
  GRADE not reported

NSAID (systemic) vs paracetamol

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pharmacological interventions for pain relief during orthodontic treatment 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
  No studies in this comparison reported this outcome.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Topical NSAID (ketoprofen lysinate mouthwash, 160 mg) vs Topical NSAID (benzidamine hydrochloride mouthwash, 22.5 mg)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pharmacological interventions for pain relief during orthodontic treatment 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
  The study did not report this outcome.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Ibuprofen taken pre-emptively (about 1 hour before treatment) vs Ibuprofen taken post-treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pharmacological interventions for pain relief during orthodontic treatment 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
  No studies in this comparison reported this outcome.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Topical NSAID (ketoprofen chewing gum) vs Local anaesthetic (benzocaine chewing gum)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pharmacological interventions for pain relief during orthodontic treatment 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
  The study did not report this outcome.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Theory-based oral health education/promotion interventions (HBM, TPB, SCT, HAPA, TTM, PMT, SOC, PRECEDE-PROCEED, MI) vs Control (waitlist, routine/standard oral health education, or minimal intervention)

Theory-based interventions significantly improved oral health-related quality of life (SMD 7.38; low certainty), with very high heterogeneity.

• Health promotion theory-based educational interventions for improving oral health in children and adolescents: a… 2025 All outcomes

  Post-intervention (follow-up 0.5 to 12 months, varies by study) · School-based and community settings; multiple countries (predominantly Iran; also Pakistan, Hong Kong, Lithuania, Thailand) · Overall
  SMD 7.38 [5.57, 9.19]
  4 studies · 4751 participants
  Low

Atraumatic restorative treatment vs placebo

ART and placebo did not differ for oral health-related quality of life, based on an indirect network estimate with no direct trials (MD -0.01, 95% CI -0.40 to 0.38; ungraded).

• Silver diamine fluoride and oral health-related quality of life: A review and network meta-analysis. 2022 All outcomes

  Post-treatment · Pediatric dental care; trials conducted in China, the USA, and Brazil · Indirect network estimate (no direct trials)
  MD -0.01 [-0.40, 0.38]
  0 studies
  GRADE not reported

Phaco‐AIT vs Phaco‐Trab

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Ab interno trabecular bypass surgery with Trabectome for open‐angle glaucoma 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Clinical examination with 24-month recall vs Clinical examination with 6-month recall

Clinical examination with 24-month recall showed no clear difference in oral-health-related quality of life (OHIP-14) compared with clinical examination with 6-month recall (high certainty).

• Recall intervals for oral health in primary care patients 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes

  4 years
  MD -0.24 [-1.55, 1.07]
  1 study · 305 participants
  High

Clinical examination with risk-based recall vs Clinical examination with 24-month recall

Clinical examination with risk-based recall showed no clear difference in oral-health-related quality of life (OHIP-14) compared with clinical examination with 24-month recall (high certainty).

• Recall intervals for oral health in primary care patients 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes

  4 years
  MD -0.37 [-1.69, 0.95]
  1 study · 298 participants
  High

Clinical examination with risk-based recall vs Clinical examination with 6-month recall

Clinical examination with risk-based recall showed no clear difference in oral-health-related quality of life (OHIP-14) compared with clinical examination with 6-month recall (high certainty).

• Recall intervals for oral health in primary care patients 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes

  4 years
  MD -0.35 [-1.02, 0.32]
  1 study · 1551 participants
  High

Exercise therapy vs control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Exercise therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found
• Exercise therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 44 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Physical training for asthma 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 212 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Photodynamic therapy for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Low income vs High family income

Children from low-income families had higher odds of poor OHRQoL (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.11-1.21; 4 studies; ungraded).

• The Association of Oral Health Status, demographic characteristics and socioeconomic determinants with Oral… 2020 All outcomes

  Upper-middle-income country (Brazil); studies 2010-2014
  OR 1.16 [1.11, 1.21]
  4 studies
  GRADE not reported

All exposure-OHRQoL estimates pooled for publication-bias correction (meta-trim sensitivity); specific exposure set not defined in source vs Not specified

A trim-and-fill sensitivity analysis pooling every exposure estimate gave an overall OR of 0.17 (95% CI 0.13-0.21) after correcting for significant publication bias (Fig. 13); this combined estimate spans heterogeneous exposures and is a publication-bias sensitivity result (ungraded).

• The Association of Oral Health Status, demographic characteristics and socioeconomic determinants with Oral… 2020 All outcomes

  Children across multiple countries (Brazil, Hong Kong, Sri Lanka, New Zealand) · Trim-and-fill adjusted (publication-bias corrected), random-effects
  OR 0.17 [0.13, 0.21]
  Studies not reported
  GRADE not reported

Periodontal disease (present) vs Individuals without periodontal disease (by LOA)

Periodontal disease was associated with higher odds of poor OHRQoL (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.12-1.18; 3 studies; no heterogeneity; ungraded).

• The Association of Oral Health Status, demographic characteristics and socioeconomic determinants with Oral… 2020 All outcomes

  Upper-middle-income countries (Brazil); studies 2010-2014
  OR 1.15 [1.12, 1.18]
  3 studies
  GRADE not reported

Female gender (girls) vs Male gender (boys)

Girls had modestly higher odds of poor OHRQoL than boys (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.09-1.17; 3 studies; ungraded).

• The Association of Oral Health Status, demographic characteristics and socioeconomic determinants with Oral… 2020 All outcomes

  Upper-middle-income countries (Brazil); studies 2010-2013
  OR 1.13 [1.09, 1.17]
  3 studies
  GRADE not reported

Higher dental caries experience vs Caries-free controls

Higher dental caries experience was associated with substantially higher odds of poor OHRQoL (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.43-1.88; 6 studies; high heterogeneity I2=83.5%; ungraded).

• The Association of Oral Health Status, demographic characteristics and socioeconomic determinants with Oral… 2020 All outcomes

  Upper-middle-income countries (5 studies) and one high-income country; studies 2011-2017
  OR 1.66 [1.43, 1.88]
  6 studies
  GRADE not reported