Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

10 questions · 11 findings · 1 reviews · Effective Practice and Organisation of Care

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No studies found 3 · 27.3%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 1 · 9.1%Low 4 · 36.4%Moderate 3 · 27.3%High 0 · 0%

Health education vs usual care

Proportion of children who received DTP3 or Penta 3 by 1 year of age · children under 5 years of age

Health education may leads to higher proportion of children who received DTP3/Penta 3 by 1 year of age compared with routine care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.36 [1.15, 1.62]
6 studies · 4375 participants
Low

Monetary incentives vs usual care

Proportion of children who received DTP3 or Penta 3 by 1 year of age · children under 5 years of age

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Digital register vs usual care

Proportion of children who received DTP3 or Penta 3 by 1 year of age · children under 5 years of age

Digital register showed no clear difference in proportion of children who received DTP3 or Penta 3 by 1 year of age compared with routine care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.98 [0.89, 1.09]
2 studies · 328 participants
Moderate

Wearable reminders vs usual care

Proportion of children who received DTP3 or Penta 3 by 1 year of age · children under 5 years of age

Wearable reminders showed no clear difference in proportion of children who received DTP3 or Penta 3 by 1 year of age compared with routine care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.02 [0.97, 1.07]
2 studies · 1567 participants
Moderate

Training of health providers vs usual care

Proportion of children who received DTP3 or Penta 3 by 1 year of age · children under 5 years of age

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Home visit vs usual care

Proportion of children who received DTP3 or Penta 3 by 1 year of age · children under 5 years of age

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Immunisation outreach vs usual care

Proportion of children who received DTP3 or Penta 3 by 1 year of age · children under 5 years of age

It is very uncertain whether immunisation outreach changes proportion of children who received DTP3/Penta 3 by 1 year of age compared with routine care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.32 [1.11, 1.56]
1 study · 541 participants
Very low

Integration of immunisation with other health services vs usual care

Proportion of children who received DTP3 or Penta 3 by 1 year of age · children under 5 years of age

Integration of immunisation with other health services may leads to higher proportion of children who received DTP3/Penta 3 by 1 year of age compared with routine care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.27 [1.17, 1.38]
1 study · 2192 participants
Low

Engagement of community leaders vs usual care

Proportion of children who received DTP3 or Penta 3 by 1 year of age · children under 5 years of age

Engagement of community leaders probably leads to higher proportion of children who received DTP3 or Penta 3 by 1 year of age compared with routine care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.37 [1.11, 1.69]
1 study · 2020 participants
Moderate

Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives vs usual care

Proportion of children who received DTP3 or Penta 3 by 1 year of age · children under 5 years of age

Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives showed no clear difference in proportion of children who received DTP3 or Penta 3 by 1 year of age… compared with routine care (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.12 [1, 1.25]
6 studies · 3869 participants
Low
Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.01 [0.98, 1.03]
1 study · 766 participants
Low