Pain at 12 hours · patients with postoperative pain
It is very uncertain whether transdermal or intranasal nicotine changes pain at 12 hours compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pain at 24 hours · patients with postoperative pain
Transdermal or intranasal nicotine showed no clear difference in pain at 24 hours compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Acute postoperative pain at 12 hours (Score 0 to 10, VAS or NRS Scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery
1 finding from 1 review
Acute postoperative pain at 24 hours (Score 0 to 10, VAS or NRS Scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery
1 finding from 1 review
Acute postoperative pain at 12 hours (Score 0 to 10, VAS or NRS Scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery
1 finding from 1 review
Acute postoperative pain at 24 hours (Score 0 to 10, VAS or NRS Scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery
1 finding from 1 review
Acute postoperative pain 0 to 6 hours (Score 0 to 10, VAS or NRS Scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery
1 finding from 1 review
Acute postoperative pain 0 to 6 hours (Score 0 to 10, VAS or NRS Scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery
1 finding from 1 review
Acute postoperative pain at 12 hours (Score 0 to 10, VAS or NRS Scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery
1 finding from 1 review
Acute postoperative pain at 24 hours (Score 0 to 10, VAS or NRS Scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery
1 finding from 1 review
Acute postoperative pain at 12 hours (Score 0 to 10, VAS or NRS Scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery
1 finding from 1 review
Acute postoperative pain at 24 hours (Score 0 to 10, VAS or NRS Scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery
1 finding from 1 review
Acute postoperative pain at 12 hours (Score 0 to 10, VAS or NRS Scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery
1 finding from 1 review
Acute postoperative pain at 24 hours (Score 0 to 10, VAS or NRS Scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery
1 finding from 1 review
Acute postoperative pain at 12 hours (Score 0 to 10, VAS or NRS Scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery
1 finding from 1 review