Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

40 questions · 40 findings · 2 reviews · Pregnancy and Childbirth

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No studies found 1 · 2.5%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 19 · 47.5%Low 17 · 42.5%Moderate 1 · 2.5%High 2 · 5%

Epidural vs opioid

Satisfaction with pain relief · women in labour

Epidural may leads to higher satisfaction with pain relief ‐ proportion rating excellent or very… compared with opioids (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural versus non‐epidural or no analgesia for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.47 [1.03, 2.08]
7 studies · 1911 participants
Low

Epidural vs opioid

Maternal pain score measured during labour · women in labour

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural versus non‐epidural or no analgesia for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 1133 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Maternal pain score in labour

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Intervention not reported

Maternal pain relief at 30 mins

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
High

Intervention not reported

Maternal pain relief at 60 mins

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
High

Intervention not reported

Maternla pain score measured in labour

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Intervention not reported

Maternal pain score measured during labour

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Intervention not reported

Maternal pan score or pain measured in labour

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Intervention not reported

Maternal pain score or pain measured in labour

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Intervention not reported

Maternal pain score measured during labour (after 30 minutes)

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Intervention not reported

Maternal pain score measured during labour (after 60 minutes)

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Intervention not reported

Maternal pain score or pain measured in labour (after 30 mins)

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Intervention not reported

Maternal pain score or pain measured in labour (after 60 mins)

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Intervention not reported

Maternal pain score or pain measured in labour (Pain relief score)

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Intervention not reported

Maternal satisfaction with analgesia measured during labour (Pain free)

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Intervention not reported

Maternal pain score or pain measured in labour (measured 1 day after delivery)

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Intervention not reported

Maternal pain score or pain measured in labour (Pain score 1 hour post‐analgesia)

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Intervention not reported

Maternal pan score or pain measured in labour (rated as good one day after birth)

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Intervention not reported

Maternal pain score or pain measured in labour (Pain score 30 mins post analgesia)

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Maternal pain score or pain measured in labour (Maternal pain relief poor at 1 hour)

1 finding from 1 review

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low