PainVAS, NRS · patients with coronary heart disease
1 finding from 1 review
Satisfaction with pain relief · women in labour
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · women in labour
1 finding from 1 review
Pain · children with cancer
1 finding from 1 review
Pain · adult cancer patients (≥ 18 years)
1 finding from 1 review
Pain · post‐caesarean pain
2 findings from 1 review
Pain · post‐caesarean pain
2 findings from 1 review
Pain at six weeks after discharge · post‐caesarean pain
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Pain at six weeks after discharge · post‐caesarean pain
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Adverse effects of pain treatment · Adults undergoing orthodontic treatment
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · Adults undergoing orthodontic treatment
Brain wave music (BWM) showed no clear difference in patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or… compared with no special instructions (control); GRADE not reported.
3 findings from 1 review
MD -4.72 [-15.83, 6.39]
1 study · 24 participants
GRADE not reported
MD -26.65 [-39.06, -14.24]
1 study · 24 participants
Very low
MD -23.44 [-36.82, -10.06]
1 study · 24 participants
GRADE not reported
Use of pharmacological analgesia · women in labour
It is very uncertain whether massage changes use of pharmacological pain relief compared with music (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · women in labour
It is very uncertain whether massage changes pain intensity "severe pain reported" compared with music (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review