What do systematic reviews say?

Epidermal growth factor vs best supportive care

Epidermal growth factor showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with best supportive care (low certainty).

• Therapeutic vaccines for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.82 [0.66, 1.02]
  1 study · 378 participants
  Low

Erlotinib vs control

Erlotinib showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with control (high certainty).

• First‐line treatment of advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation positive non‐squamous non‐small cell… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.95 [0.75, 1.22]
  3 studies · 429 participants
  High

Gefitinib vs tri‐weekly paclitaxel plus carboplatin

Gefitinib showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with paclitaxel + carboplatin (high certainty).

• First‐line treatment of advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation positive non‐squamous non‐small cell… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.95 [0.77, 1.18]
  2 studies · 489 participants
  High

Gefitinib vs pemetrexed + carboplatin with pemetrexed maintenance

Gefitinib showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with pemetrexed + carboplatin with pemetrexed maintenance (moderate certainty).

• First‐line treatment of advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation positive non‐squamous non‐small cell… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.84 [0.63, 1.11]
  2 studies · 371 participants
  Moderate

Afatinib vs chemotherapy alone

Afatinib showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with chemotherapy (high certainty).

• First‐line treatment of advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation positive non‐squamous non‐small cell… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.91 [0.75, 1.1]
  2 studies · 709 participants
  High

EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) vs observation

EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with observation alone (low certainty).

• Epidermal growth factor receptor blockers for the treatment of ovarian cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.99 [0.81, 1.2]
  1 study · 835 participants
  Low

Anti‐EGFR antibody plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

Anti‐EGFR antibody plus chemotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with chemotherapy alone (moderate certainty).

• Epidermal growth factor receptor blockers for the treatment of ovarian cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.93 [0.74, 1.18]
  4 studies · 658 participants
  Moderate

EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) plus chemotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with chemotherapy alone (low certainty).

• Epidermal growth factor receptor blockers for the treatment of ovarian cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 1.25 [0.8, 1.95]
  1 study · 129 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in overall survival (high certainty).

• Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors for metastatic colorectal cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 1.03 [0.94, 1.13]
  8 studies · 2268 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

The intervention leads to lower overall survival (high certainty).

• Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors for metastatic colorectal cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.77 [0.67, 0.88]
  4 studies · 1053 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

The intervention leads to lower overall survival (high certainty).

• Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors for metastatic colorectal cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.88 [0.8, 0.98]
  12 studies · 4249 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in overall survival (moderate certainty).

• Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors for metastatic colorectal cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 1.09 [0.93, 1.28]
  4 studies · 1768 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors for metastatic colorectal cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 1382 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in overall survival (moderate certainty).

• Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors for metastatic colorectal cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.84 [0.7, 1.01]
  4 studies · 2189 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors for metastatic colorectal cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 1482 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

• Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors for metastatic colorectal cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 99 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in overall survival (low certainty).

• Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors for metastatic colorectal cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 1 [0.69, 1.47]
  5 studies · 1257 participants
  Low

Anti‐EGFR therapy vs placebo or usual care

Anti‐EGFR therapy showed no clear difference in overall survival ‐ first‐line studies compared with placebo or standard of care (moderate certainty).

• Anti‐epidermal growth factor receptor therapy for glioblastoma in adults 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.89 [0.76, 1.04]
  3 studies · 1000 participants
  Moderate

Anti‐EGFR therapy vs placebo or usual care

Anti‐EGFR therapy showed no clear difference in overall survival ‐ recurrent disease studies compared with placebo or standard of care (low certainty).

• Anti‐epidermal growth factor receptor therapy for glioblastoma in adults 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.79 [0.51, 1.21]
  4 studies · 489 participants
  Low