What do systematic reviews say?

Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), higher dose/regimen vs Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), different (lower) dose/regimen

• Interventions for preventing oral mucositis in patients with cancer receiving treatment: cytokines and growth factors 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Some inconsistent evidence from which no conclusions can be drawn regarding different dosages of KGF (Analyses 2.1 to 2.8); no pooled estimate reported
  Studies not reported
  GRADE not reported

Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF; palifermin or repifermin), intravenous vs Chlorhexidine mouthwash

Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), intravenous led to lower oral mucositis (any severity) compared with chlorhexidine mouthwash; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for preventing oral mucositis in patients with cancer receiving treatment: cytokines and growth factors 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Children
  RR 0.67 [0.54, 0.85]
  1 study · 90 participants
  GRADE not reported

Transforming growth factor-beta(2) (TGF-beta2) vs placebo

Transforming growth factor-beta(2) (TGF-beta2) showed no clear difference in oral mucositis (any severity) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for preventing oral mucositis in patients with cancer receiving treatment: cytokines and growth factors 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
  RR 0.10 [0.01, 1.71]
  1 study · 13 participants
  GRADE not reported

Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF; palifermin or repifermin), intravenous vs placebo

Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF; palifermin or repifermin),… showed no clear difference in oral mucositis (any severity) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for preventing oral mucositis in patients with cancer receiving treatment: cytokines and growth factors 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes

  BMT/SCT after conditioning for haematological cancers
  RR 0.96 [0.88, 1.05]
  4 studies · 655 participants
  GRADE not reported
• Interventions for preventing oral mucositis in patients with cancer receiving treatment: cytokines and growth factors 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Children
  Two studies of KGF versus placebo in children were unclear in reporting; no usable data could be presented
  2 studies
  GRADE not reported
• Interventions for preventing oral mucositis in patients with cancer receiving treatment: cytokines and growth factors 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes

  RT to head and neck with cisplatin/fluorouracil
  RR 0.95 [0.90, 1.00]
  2 studies · 374 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intestinal trefoil factor (ITF), lower dose (336 mg) vs Intestinal trefoil factor (ITF), higher dose (2688 mg)

• Interventions for preventing oral mucositis in patients with cancer receiving treatment: cytokines and growth factors 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Insufficient evidence to determine whether lower (336 mg) or higher (2688 mg) dose performs better (Analyses 11.1 to 11.3); no pooled estimate reported
  1 study · 66 participants
  GRADE not reported

Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF; pegfilgrastim, single dose) vs Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF; filgrastim, multiple doses)

Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF; pegfilgrastim, single… showed no clear difference in oral mucositis (any severity) compared with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF; filgrastim, multiple…; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for preventing oral mucositis in patients with cancer receiving treatment: cytokines and growth factors 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Children
  RR 1.02 [0.82, 1.27]
  1 study · 61 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intestinal trefoil factor (ITF), oral spray vs placebo

Intestinal trefoil factor (ITF), oral spray led to lower oral mucositis (any severity) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for preventing oral mucositis in patients with cancer receiving treatment: cytokines and growth factors 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
  RR 0.52 [0.35, 0.79]
  1 study · 99 participants
  GRADE not reported

G‐CSF vs placebo or no treatment

Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) led to lower oral mucositis (any severity) compared with placebo or no treatment; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for preventing oral mucositis in patients with cancer receiving treatment: cytokines and growth factors 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Chemotherapy alone for lung cancer
  RR 0.59 [0.40, 0.87]
  1 study · 195 participants
  GRADE not reported
• Interventions for preventing oral mucositis in patients with cancer receiving treatment: cytokines and growth factors 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes

  RT to head and neck
  RR 1.02 [0.86, 1.22]
  2 studies · 54 participants
  GRADE not reported

GM-CSF vs placebo or no treatment

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) showed no clear difference in oral mucositis (any severity) compared with placebo or no treatment; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for preventing oral mucositis in patients with cancer receiving treatment: cytokines and growth factors 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes

  BMT/SCT after conditioning for haematological cancers
  RR 0.91 [0.80, 1.04]
  1 study · 90 participants
  GRADE not reported
• Interventions for preventing oral mucositis in patients with cancer receiving treatment: cytokines and growth factors 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes

  RT to head and neck
  RR 1.01 [0.82, 1.23]
  1 study · 29 participants
  GRADE not reported

Erythropoietin mouthwash vs placebo

Erythropoietin mouthwash led to lower oral mucositis (any severity) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for preventing oral mucositis in patients with cancer receiving treatment: cytokines and growth factors 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
  RR 0.35 [0.21, 0.60]
  1 study · 80 participants
  GRADE not reported