Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

9 questions · 9 findings · 4 reviews · Airways

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No studies found 1 · 11.1%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 1 · 11.1%Low 4 · 44.4%Moderate 3 · 33.3%High 0 · 0%

Antibiotics vs placebo

All‐cause mortality WMD of · Adults (aged 40 or over) with COPD presenting with 1 or more exacerbations in the previous year. The 2 larger studies (Albert 2011; Sethi…

Antibiotics showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality WMD of compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic antibiotic therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.87 [0.66, 1.15]
6 studies · 3309 participants
Moderate

Antibiotics vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · exacerbations of COPD

Antibiotics showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.27 [0.49, 3.3]
1 study · 301 participants
Low

Antibiotics vs placebo or usual care

Mortality ‐ not reported · acute asthma exacerbation

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics for exacerbations of asthma 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Antibiotics vs placebo

Inpatient mortality · exacerbations of COPD

Antibiotics showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality ‐ inpatients compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 2.48 [0.94, 6.55]
2 studies · 214 participants
Moderate

Antibiotics vs placebo

ICU mortality · exacerbations of COPD

Antibiotics probably leads to lower all‐cause mortality ‐ ICU patients compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.21 [0.06, 0.72]
1 study · 93 participants
Moderate

Macrolides vs no intervention

All‐cause mortality · adults with bronchiectasis

1 finding from 1 review

Macrolide antibiotics for bronchiectasis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 88 participants
Very low

Macrolides vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · children with bronchiectasis

1 finding from 1 review

Macrolide antibiotics for bronchiectasis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 42 participants
Low

Macrolides vs no intervention

All‐cause mortality · children with bronchiectasis

1 finding from 1 review

Macrolide antibiotics for bronchiectasis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 34 participants
Low

Macrolides vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · adults with bronchiectasis

1 finding from 1 review

Macrolide antibiotics for bronchiectasis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 540 participants
Low