Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

8 questions · 12 findings · 3 reviews · Neonatal

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No studies found 10 · 83.3%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 2 · 16.7%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

High‐dose vs standard‐dose strategies

Major neurodevelopmental disability in children aged 3 to 5 years CA · preterm infants at risk for apnea

It is very uncertain whether high‐dose changes major neurodevelopmental disability in children aged 3 to 5 years CA compared with standard‐dose strategies (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Caffeine dosing regimens in preterm infants with or at risk for apnea of prematurity 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.79 [0.51, 1.24]
1 study · 46 participants
Very low

High‐dose vs standard‐dose strategies

Major neurodevelopmental disability in children aged 3 to 5 years CA · preterm infants with or at risk for apnea of prematurity

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

3 findings from 1 review

Caffeine dosing regimens in preterm infants with or at risk for apnea of prematurity 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Caffeine dosing regimens in preterm infants with or at risk for apnea of prematurity 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Caffeine dosing regimens in preterm infants with or at risk for apnea of prematurity 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.79
1 study · 46 participants
Very low

High‐dose vs standard‐dose strategies

Mortality or major neurodevelopmental disability in children aged 18 to 24 months and 3 to 5 years CA · preterm infants at risk for apnea

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Caffeine dosing regimens in preterm infants with or at risk for apnea of prematurity 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

High‐dose vs standard‐dose strategies

Mortality or major neurodevelopmental disability in children aged 18 to 24 months and 3 to 5 years CA · preterm infants with or at risk for apnea of prematurity

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

3 findings from 1 review

Caffeine dosing regimens in preterm infants with or at risk for apnea of prematurity 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Caffeine dosing regimens in preterm infants with or at risk for apnea of prematurity 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Caffeine dosing regimens in preterm infants with or at risk for apnea of prematurity 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Fentanyl vs tramadol

Major neurodevelopmental disability in children aged 3 to 5 years CA · postoperative pain in preterm and term infants

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic opioids versus other analgesics and sedatives for postoperative pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Morphine vs paracetamol

Major neurodevelopmental disability in children aged 3 to 5 years CA · postoperative pain in preterm and term infants

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic opioids versus other analgesics and sedatives for postoperative pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Tramadol vs no treatment or placebo

Major neurodevelopmental disability in children aged 3 to 5 years CA · postoperative pain in preterm and term infants

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic opioids versus other analgesics and sedatives for postoperative pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

'As needed' administration (e.g. based on pain scales) vs 'as scheduled' administration (e.g. a predefined time interval)

Major neurodevelopmental disability in children aged 18 to 24 months or three to five years old ‐ not reported · postoperative pain in neonates

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic opioid regimens for postoperative pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found