Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4 questions · 4 findings · 1 reviews

No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 1 · 25%Low 1 · 25%Moderate 2 · 50%High 0 · 0%

Intact perineum · pregnant women expecting a vaginal birth, singleton vertex presentation at term, with no medical complications

Hands off (or poised) showed no clear difference in intact perineum compared with hands on (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perineal techniques during the second stage of labour for reducing perineal trauma 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.03 [0.95, 1.12]
2 studies · 6547 participants
Moderate

Intact perineum · pregnant women expecting a vaginal birth, singleton vertex presentation at term, with no medical complications

Massage may leads to higher intact perineum compared with control (hands off or care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perineal techniques during the second stage of labour for reducing perineal trauma 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.74 [1.11, 2.73]
6 studies · 2618 participants
Low

Intact perineum · pregnant women expecting a vaginal birth, singleton vertex presentation at term, with no medical complications

It is very uncertain whether ritgen's manoeuvre changes intact perineum compared with standard care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perineal techniques during the second stage of labour for reducing perineal trauma 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.17 [0.02, 1.31]
1 study · 66 participants
Very low

Intact perineum · pregnant women expecting a vaginal birth, singleton vertex presentation at term, with no medical complications

Warm compresses showed no clear difference in intact perineum compared with control (hands off or no warm compress) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perineal techniques during the second stage of labour for reducing perineal trauma 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.02 [0.85, 1.21]
4 studies · 1799 participants
Moderate