Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4 questions · 4 findings · 3 reviews

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 1 · 25%Moderate 3 · 75%High 0 · 0%

Long‐acting beta2‐agonist plus tiotropium vs tiotropium

Hospital admissions · addition to tiotropium versus either tiotropium or LABA alone for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Long‐acting beta2‐agonist plus tiotropium showed no clear difference in hospital admission (all cause) compared with tiotropium alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Long‐acting beta₂‐agonist in addition to tiotropium versus either tiotropium or long‐acting beta₂‐agonist alone for… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.01 [0.86, 1.19]
4 studies · 4856 participants
Moderate

Tiotropium vs ipratropium

Hospital admissions · chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Participants in included studies had an average baseline FEV1 of around 40% predicted and…

Tiotropium probably leads to lower hospital admissions (all‐cause) compared with ipratropium (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tiotropium versus ipratropium bromide for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.34 [0.15, 0.76]
1 study · 538 participants
Moderate

Tiotropium + LABA/ICS combination vs tiotropium

Hospital admissions · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Tiotropium + LABA/ICS combination showed no clear difference in hospital admission (all causes) compared with tiotropium (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Combination inhaled steroid and long‐acting beta₂‐agonist in addition to tiotropium versus tiotropium or combination… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.84 [0.53, 1.33]
2 studies · 961 participants
Low

Long‐acting beta2‐agonist plus tiotropium vs long‐acting beta2‐agonist alone

Hospital admissions · addition to tiotropium versus either tiotropium or LABA alone for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Long‐acting beta2‐agonist plus tiotropium showed no clear difference in hospital admission (all cause) compared with long‐acting beta2‐agonist alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Long‐acting beta₂‐agonist in addition to tiotropium versus either tiotropium or long‐acting beta₂‐agonist alone for… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.93 [0.76, 1.14]
3 studies · 3514 participants
Moderate