Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

20 questions · 21 findings · 5 reviews

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No studies found 9 · 42.9%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 6 · 28.6%Low 4 · 19%Moderate 2 · 9.5%High 0 · 0%

Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians vs no educational intervention

Health outcomes · prescribers or patients that are subjected to educational interventions in prescribing due to government, non‐government or third party…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of educational or regulatory policies targeting prescribers 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians and HMO members vs no educational intervention

Health outcomes · prescribers or patients that are subjected to regulatory and educational interventions in prescribing due to government, non‐government or…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of educational or regulatory policies targeting prescribers 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians and HMO members vs mailed educational materials on prescribing

Health outcomes · prescribers or patients that are subjected to educational or regulatory interventions in prescribing due to government, non‐government or…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of educational or regulatory policies targeting prescribers 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings: multimedia education vs written education and education by a health professional

Health outcomes ‐ not measured · patients taking prescribed and over‐the‐counter medications or their carers

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Multimedia educational interventions for consumers about prescribed and over‐the‐counter medications 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Printed educational material vs no intervention

Patient health outcome Standardised median change in slope across various outcomes · Healthcare professionals

1 finding from 1 review

Printed educational materials: effects on professional practice and healthcare outcomes 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 12 participants
Very low

Printed educational material vs no intervention

Changes in professional practice (continuous) · Healthcare professionals

2 findings from 1 review

Printed educational materials: effects on professional practice and healthcare outcomes 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 1631 participants
Very low
Printed educational materials: effects on professional practice and healthcare outcomes 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
35 studies · 54 participants
Very low

Printed educational material vs no intervention

Patient outcomes (dichotomous) · Healthcare professionals

1 finding from 1 review

Printed educational materials: effects on professional practice and healthcare outcomes 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 935015 participants
Moderate

Printed educational material vs no intervention

Patient outcomes (continuous) · Healthcare professionals

1 finding from 1 review

Printed educational materials: effects on professional practice and healthcare outcomes 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 6737 participants
Very low

Summary of findings: multimedia education vs education by a health professional

Health outcomes Bronchial obstruction (FEV), higher score indicates less bronchial obstruction. Theoretical maximum scores were 2.72 for the multimedia and 3.14 for the control group. · patients taking prescribed and over‐the‐counter medications or their carers

1 finding from 1 review

Multimedia educational interventions for consumers about prescribed and over‐the‐counter medications 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 28 participants
Very low

Printed educational material vs no intervention

Healthcare professionals' practice outcome measured using dichotomous variablesAbsolute risk difference across various outcomes · Healthcare professionals

1 finding from 1 review

Printed educational materials: effects on professional practice and healthcare outcomes 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
16 studies · 3963 participants
Moderate

Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians vs an intervention to regulate drug reimbursement

Health outcomes · prescribers or patients that are subjected to educational or regulatory interventions in prescribing due to government, non‐government or…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of educational or regulatory policies targeting prescribers 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians and HMO members vs an intervention to regulate drug reimbursement

Health outcomes · prescribers or patients that are subjected to educational or regulatory interventions in prescribing due to government, non‐government or…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of educational or regulatory policies targeting prescribers 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Printed educational material vs single intervention

Healthcare professionals' practice outcome measured using dichotomous variablesAbsolute risk difference across various outcomes · Physicians

1 finding from 1 review

Printed educational materials: effects on professional practice and healthcare outcomes 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 139 participants
Low

Summary of findings: multimedia education vs written education

Health outcomes ‐ not measured · patients taking prescribed and over‐the‐counter medications or their carers

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Multimedia educational interventions for consumers about prescribed and over‐the‐counter medications 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings: multimedia education vs no education or usual care

Health outcomes: Drug misuse and dependence CAGE screening tool. Scale from 0 to 4. Higher score indicates greater probability of drug misuse or dependence · patients taking prescribed and over‐the‐counter medications or their carers

1 finding from 1 review

Multimedia educational interventions for consumers about prescribed and over‐the‐counter medications 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 329 participants
Low

Summary of findings: multimedia education vs control multimedia

Health outcomes Peak expiratory flow readings (higher readings indicate better peak flow) · patients taking prescribed and over‐the‐counter medications or their carers

1 finding from 1 review

Multimedia educational interventions for consumers about prescribed and over‐the‐counter medications 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 116 participants
Low

Patient education vs comparisons to improve professional performance

Undesirable patient health outcomes · general patient population, "at risk" patient population and patient population with a specific condition or disease

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Patient‐mediated interventions to improve professional practice 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Patient education vs comparisons to improve professional performance

Desirable patient health outcomes (0‐3 months · general patient population, "at risk" patient population and patient population with a specific condition or disease

Patient education interventions showed no clear difference in desirable patient health outcomes (0‐3 months compared with comparisons to improve professional performance (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Patient‐mediated interventions to improve professional practice 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.09 [0.96, 1.23]
1 study · 500 participants
Low

Early vs delayed school starts

Mental health outcomes · students aged 13‐19

1 finding from 1 review

Later school start times for supporting the education, health, and well‐being of high school students 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1200 participants
Very low

Regulatory policy: use of a prescribing monitoring tool vs no regulatory intervention

Health outcomes

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of educational or regulatory policies targeting prescribers 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found