Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

215 questions · 226 findings · 83 reviews

No studies found 50 · 22.1%GRADE not reported 26 · 11.5%Very low 74 · 32.7%Low 50 · 22.1%Moderate 25 · 11.1%High 1 · 0.4%

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) vs rTMS plus Tricyclic Anti‐depressant

Depression rating scale score · Post‐TBI Depression

It is very uncertain whether repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) changes hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM‐D); higher score means… compared with rTMS plus Tricyclic Anti‐depressant (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological intervention and a form of psychotherapy (combination) vs pharmacological intervention and usual care or attention control (single)

Depression: < 50% reduction in scale scores at end of treatment (primary outcome) · people with depression after stroke
1 finding from 1 review

Non‐invasive brain stimulation and pharmacological intervention (combination) vs a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care (single)

Depression: < 50% reduction in scale scores at end of treatment (primary outcome) · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological intervention and non‐invasive brain stimulation… changes depression: < 50% reduction in scale scores at end of treatment… compared with a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐invasive brain stimulation vs usual care with or without sham interventions

Depression: < 50% reduction in scale scores at end of treatment (primary outcome) · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether non‐invasive brain stimulation changes depression: < 50% reduction in scale scores at end of treatment… compared with sham non‐invasive brain stimulation and/or usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapy vs usual care or attention control

Depression: meeting study criteria for depression at end of · people with stroke

It is very uncertain whether psychological therapy changes depression: meeting study criteria for depression at end of… compared with usual care and/or attention control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Anxiety and depression: total scores on hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) (8 months) · Carers of elderly persons
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Prevalence of depression or depressive symptoms (short term: up to 3 months postpartum) Measured by various scales ‐ EPDS, HADS · Women of any age who had given birth within one month of the intervention being offered

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review