Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1 questions · 1 findings · 1 reviews · Airways

No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 1 · 100%High 0 · 0%

Death from all causes · patients with COPD

The intervention showed no clear difference in death from all causes (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pneumococcal vaccines for preventing pneumonia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1 [0.72, 1.4]
5 studies · 1053 participants
Moderate