Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4 questions · 4 findings · 2 reviews · Kidney and Transplant

No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 1 · 25%Low 3 · 75%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Constipation · people with CKD

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Calcium changes constipation compared with placebo/usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Constipation · people with CKD

Calcium polystyrene sulphonate (CPS) showed no clear difference in constipation compared with sodium polystyrene sulphonate (SPS) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Potassium binders for chronic hyperkalaemia in people with chronic kidney disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.7 [0.26, 1.88]
1 study · 97 participants
Low

Constipation · people with CKD

Summary of findings: Sevelamer showed no clear difference in constipation compared with calcium (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Constipation · people with CKD

Summary of findings ‐ Lanthanum showed no clear difference in constipation compared with calcium (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review