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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2 questions · 2 findings · 1 reviews

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 2 · 100%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Grape seed extract (GSE) and its proanthocyanidin fractions vs Untreated or vehicle control (some studies vs positive antimicrobial controls, e.g. chlorhexidine/fluoride)

Cell death / cytotoxicity · Streptococcus mutans (in vitro cultures and biofilms)

One study reported minimal cytotoxicity (<1% cell damage) with grape seed extract (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Cranberry extract / juice and proanthocyanidin (flavonoid) fractions vs Untreated or vehicle control (some studies vs positive antimicrobial controls, e.g. chlorhexidine/fluoride)

Cell death / cytotoxicity induction · Streptococcus mutans (in vitro cultures and biofilms)

One study reported time-dependent cell-death induction (50% at 10 h) with cranberry extract (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review