Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

10 questions · 12 findings · 3 reviews · Neonatal

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 5 · 41.7%Low 6 · 50%Moderate 1 · 8.3%High 0 · 0%

MFS‐LE vs S‐LE

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease · Parenterally fed preterm infants

MFS‐LE showed no clear difference in bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease compared with S‐LE (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alternative lipid emulsions versus pure soy oil based lipid emulsions for parenterally fed preterm infants 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.39 [0.42, 4.65]
1 study · 57 participants
Low

MS‐LE vs S‐LE

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease · Parenterally fed preterm infants

It is very uncertain whether MS‐LE changes bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease compared with S‐LE (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alternative lipid emulsions versus pure soy oil based lipid emulsions for parenterally fed preterm infants 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1 [0.28, 3.63]
1 study · 60 participants
Very low

Fish oil lipid emulsion (LE) vs S‐LE

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease · Parenterally fed preterm infants

All fish oil containing LE showed no clear difference in bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease compared with S‐LE (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alternative lipid emulsions versus pure soy oil based lipid emulsions for parenterally fed preterm infants 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.02 [0.7, 1.5]
4 studies · 341 participants
Low

Alternative lipid emulsion (LE) vs S‐LE

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease · Parenterally fed preterm infants

It is very uncertain whether all alternative LE changes bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease compared with S‐LE (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review · compare the 2 reviews

Alternative lipid emulsions versus pure soy oil based lipid emulsions for parenterally fed preterm infants 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.84 [0.63, 1.12]
7 studies · 602 participants
Very low

MOFS‐LE vs S‐LE

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease · Parenterally fed preterm infants

MOFS‐LE showed no clear difference in bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease compared with S‐LE (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alternative lipid emulsions versus pure soy oil based lipid emulsions for parenterally fed preterm infants 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.02 [0.7, 1.49]
4 studies · 314 participants
Low

OS‐LE vs S‐LE

Long‐term complications (bronchopulmonary dysplasia, chronic lung disease) · Parenterally fed preterm infants

OS‐LE showed no clear difference in bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease (sensitivity analysis) compared with S‐LE (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alternative lipid emulsions versus pure soy oil based lipid emulsions for parenterally fed preterm infants 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.01 [0.57, 1.79]
3 studies · 197 participants
Low

OS‐LE vs S‐LE

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease · Parenterally fed preterm infants

It is very uncertain whether OS‐LE changes bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease (incidence ‐… compared with S‐LE (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alternative lipid emulsions versus pure soy oil based lipid emulsions for parenterally fed preterm infants 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.69 [0.46, 1.04]
4 studies · 261 participants
Very low

High‐dose vs standard‐dose strategies

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease · preterm infants at risk for apnea

It is very uncertain whether high‐dose changes bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease (BPD) at 36 weeks'… compared with standard‐dose strategies (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Caffeine dosing regimens in preterm infants with or at risk for apnea of prematurity 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.89 [0.61, 1.3]
2 studies · 152 participants
Very low

High‐dose vs standard‐dose strategies

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease · preterm infants with or at risk for apnea of prematurity

It is very uncertain whether high‐dose changes bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease (BPD) at 36 weeks'… compared with standard‐dose strategies (very low certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Caffeine dosing regimens in preterm infants with or at risk for apnea of prematurity 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.72 [0.47, 1.11]
3 studies · 333 participants
Very low
Caffeine dosing regimens in preterm infants with or at risk for apnea of prematurity 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.68 [0.48, 0.97]
1 study · 238 participants
Low
Caffeine dosing regimens in preterm infants with or at risk for apnea of prematurity 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.75 [0.6, 0.94]
5 studies · 723 participants
Moderate

Caffeine vs other methylxanthines

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease · preterm infants

Caffeine showed no clear difference in bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease: defined as 28 days… compared with other methylxanthines (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Caffeine versus other methylxanthines for the prevention and treatment of apnea in preterm infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.4 [0.92, 2.11]
Studies not reported
Low