What do systematic reviews say?

Fluoxetine vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Fluoxetine for adults who are overweight or obese 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings: insulin detemir vs NPH insulin

• (Ultra‐)long‐acting insulin analogues for people with type 1 diabetes mellitus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  4.97 [0.79, 31.38]
  9 studies · 3334 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings: insulin detemir vs insulin glargine

• (Ultra‐)long‐acting insulin analogues for people with type 1 diabetes mellitus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 763 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: insulin degludec vs insulin detemir

• (Ultra‐)long‐acting insulin analogues for people with type 1 diabetes mellitus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 802 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: insulin degludec vs insulin glargine

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: insulin degludec changes all‐cause mortality compared with insulin glargine (very low certainty).

• (Ultra‐)long‐acting insulin analogues for people with type 1 diabetes mellitus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Peto OR 1.34 [0.15, 11.93]
  3 studies · 973 participants
  Very low

Insulin glargine vs NPH insulin

• (Ultra‐)long‐acting insulin analogues for people with type 1 diabetes mellitus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  0.14 [0, 6.98]
  8 studies · 2175 participants
  Moderate

Metformin vs diet and exercise or another antidiabetic drug

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Metformin for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in persons at increased… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings: pioglitazone monotherapy vs another pharmacological glucose‐lowering monotherapy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pioglitazone for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in people at risk… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings: pioglitazone monotherapy vs intensive behaviour‐changing intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pioglitazone for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in people at risk… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings: pioglitazone monotherapy vs placebo

• Pioglitazone for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in people at risk… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  2.38 [0.54, 10.5]
  4 studies · 1156 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: pioglitazone monotherapy vs no intervention

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: pioglitazone monotherapy changes all‐cause mortality (N) compared with no intervention (very low certainty).

• Pioglitazone for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in people at risk… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.85 [0.38, 1.91]
  3 studies · 866 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings for resveratrol plus oral anti‐diabetic drugs vs placebo plus oral anti‐diabetic drugs

• Resveratrol for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 50 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table for metformin plus intensive diet and exercise vs intensive diet and exercise

• Metformin for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in persons at increased… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 450 participants
  Very low

Metformin vs insulin

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Metformin vs thiazolidinediones

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings of metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2… changes all‐cause mortality compared with thiazolidinediones (very low certainty).

• Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.88 [0.55, 1.39]
  5 studies · 4402 participants
  Very low

Metformin vs dipeptidyl‐peptidase 4 inhibitors

• Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 1977 participants
  Very low

Metformin vs glucagon like peptide‐1 analogues

• Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 807 participants
  Very low

Metformin vs meglitinides

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Metformin vs sulphonylureas

• Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 3129 participants
  Very low