Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

6 questions · 8 findings · 3 reviews · Emergency and Critical Care

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 1 · 12.5%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 2 · 25%High 5 · 62.5%

Monoclonal antibodies vs placebo

Anti‐cytokine, all‐cause mortality ‐ low risk of bias studies · patients with sepsis, severe sepsis, septic shock

Monoclonal antibodies leads to lower anti‐cytokine, all‐cause mortality ‐ low risk of bias studies compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intravenous immunoglobulin for treating sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.92 [0.86, 0.99]
3 studies · 5065 participants
High

Monoclonal antibodies vs placebo

All‐cause mortality ‐ sensitivity analysis · patients with sepsis, severe sepsis, septic shock

Monoclonal antibodies showed no clear difference in anti‐endotoxin, all‐cause mortality ‐ low risk of bias studies compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intravenous immunoglobulin for treating sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.67 [0.42, 1.05]
1 study · 269 participants
Moderate

IVIg vs placebo or no intervention

28‐Day all cause mortality (adult studies) · adult patients with sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock

Polyclonal intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) showed no clear difference in low risk of bias adult studies, by type of polyclonal IVIG,… compared with placebo or no intervention (high certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Intravenous immunoglobulin for treating sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.97 [0.81, 1.15]
5 studies · 945 participants
High
Intravenous immunoglobulin for treating sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.02 [0.84, 1.24]
3 studies · 683 participants
High
Intravenous immunoglobulin for treating sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.82 [0.56, 1.19]
2 studies · 262 participants
Moderate

IVIg vs placebo or no intervention

All‐cause mortality, neonates, standard polyclonal IVIG · neonates with sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock

Polyclonal intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) showed no clear difference in low risk of bias neonate studies, mortality all‐cause ‐ standard IVIG compared with placebo or no intervention (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intravenous immunoglobulin for treating sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.01 [0.93, 1.09]
3 studies · 3561 participants
High

Higher vs lower FiO2 or targets of arterial oxygenation

All‐cause mortality: range 1 mo to 1 y · adults admitted to the ICU

It is very uncertain whether higher changes all‐cause mortality: range 1 mo to 1 y compared with lower FiO2 or targets of arterial oxygenation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Higher versus lower fractions of inspired oxygen or targets of arterial oxygenation for adults admitted to the… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.01 [0.96, 1.06]
16 studies · 9408 participants
Very low

Higher‐dose anticoagulants vs lower‐dose anticoagulants

All‐cause mortality · people hospitalised with COVID‐19

Higher‐dose anticoagulants showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with lower‐dose anticoagulants (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Anticoagulants for people hospitalised with COVID‐19: a rapid review 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.03 [0.92, 1.16]
4 studies · 4489 participants
High