What do systematic reviews say?

Exercise vs no exercise

Exercise showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality ( compared with no exercise at the end of the intervention (low certainty).

• Exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation for adult patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.96 [0.18, 21.26]
  1 study · 196 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: pioglitazone monotherapy vs no intervention

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: pioglitazone monotherapy changes all‐cause mortality (N) compared with no intervention (very low certainty).

• Pioglitazone for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in people at risk… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.85 [0.38, 1.91]
  3 studies · 866 participants
  Very low

Surgery vs preoperative pharmacological therapy and surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Surgical and non‐surgical interventions for primary and salvage treatment of growth hormone‐secreting pituitary… 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Surgery vs Pharmacological therapy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Surgical and non‐surgical interventions for primary and salvage treatment of growth hormone‐secreting pituitary… 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Test‐based attendance vs routine isolation after contact with a SARS‐CoV‐2 positive person

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Workplace interventions to reduce the risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection outside of healthcare settings 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

DFX film‐coated tablet vs DFX dispersible tablet

• Interventions for improving adherence to iron chelation therapy in people with sickle cell disease or thalassaemia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  7.3 [0.14, 368.15]
  1 study · 173 participants
  Very low

DFP and DFO vs DFP

• Interventions for improving adherence to iron chelation therapy in people with sickle cell disease or thalassaemia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  0.77 [0.17, 3.42]
  2 studies · 237 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: Comparison 3 ‐ deferiprone (DFP) vs deferoxamine

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Comparison 1 ‐ deferiprone (DFP) changes all‐cause mortality compared with deferoxamine (DFO) (very low certainty).

• Interventions for improving adherence to iron chelation therapy in people with sickle cell disease or thalassaemia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.47 [0.18, 1.21]
  3 studies · 376 participants
  Very low

DFP and DFO vs deferoxamine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for improving adherence to iron chelation therapy in people with sickle cell disease or thalassaemia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Deferasirox vs deferiprone (DFO)

• Interventions for improving adherence to iron chelation therapy in people with sickle cell disease or thalassaemia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  0.96 [0.06, 15.42]
  2 studies · 240 participants
  Very low

Hydroxyurea vs placebo

• Interventions for chronic kidney disease in people with sickle cell disease 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 193 participants
  Low

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for chronic kidney disease in people with sickle cell disease 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Meglitinides vs sulphonylureas

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

SGLT‐2 inhibitors vs sulphonylureas

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

GLP‐1 analogues inhibitors vs sulphonylureas

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Insulin analogues vs biphasic insulin

It is very uncertain whether insulin analogues changes all‐cause mortality compared with biphasic insulin (very low certainty).

• Interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 3.02 [0.12, 73.53]
  1 study · 263 participants
  Very low

Telemedicine vs usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

DPP‐4 inhibitors vs sulphonylureas

• Interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 2426 participants
  Moderate

Patient education vs usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Drug dosage reduction vs usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found