Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

116 questions · 116 findings · 16 reviews · Skin

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No studies found 20 · 17.2%GRADE not reported 5 · 4.3%Very low 34 · 29.3%Low 29 · 25%Moderate 27 · 23.3%High 1 · 0.9%

Loratadine 10 mg vs mizolastine 10 mg

Withdrawals due to adverse events · patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria

Loratadine 10 mg showed no clear difference in adverse events leading to withdrawal: intermediate‐term duration of… compared with mizolastine 10 mg (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

H1‐antihistamines for chronic spontaneous urticaria 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.38 [0.04, 3.6]
2 studies · 267 participants
Low

Loratadine 10 mg vs emedastine 2 mg

Withdrawals due to adverse events · patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria

Loratadine 10 mg showed no clear difference in adverse events leading to withdrawal: intermediate‐term duration of… compared with emedastine 2 mg (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

H1‐antihistamines for chronic spontaneous urticaria 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.09 [0.07, 17.14]
1 study · 161 participants
Moderate

Hydroxyzine 25 mg vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria

Hydroxyzine 25 mg showed no clear difference in adverse events leading to withdrawal: intermediate‐term duration of… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

H1‐antihistamines for chronic spontaneous urticaria 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3.64 [0.77, 17.23]
2 studies · 270 participants
Low

Chemical peeling vs combined chemical peeling plus any active intervention

Investigator‐assessed adverse events (short‐term) · people with acne scars

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for acne scars 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Tonsillectomy vs no intervention

Proportion of participants with adverse events and severe adverse events · people with chronic plaque psoriasis

It is very uncertain whether tonsillectomy changes proportion of participants with adverse events and severe adverse… compared with no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antistreptococcal interventions for guttate and chronic plaque psoriasis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.81 [0.12, 63.83]
1 study · 29 participants
Very low

Chemical peeling vs combined chemical peeling plus any active intervention

Participant‐assessed adverse events (short‐term) N of participants with adverse events · people with acne scars

It is very uncertain whether chemical peeling changes participant‐assessed adverse events (short‐term) N of participants… compared with combined chemical peeling plus any active intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for acne scars 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1 [0.83, 1.2]
1 study · 20 participants
Very low

Prednisone plus azathioprine vs prednisone

Adverse events · bullous pemphigoid

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for bullous pemphigoid 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Nicotinamide plus tetracycline vs prednisone

Adverse events at 1 year · bullous pemphigoid

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for bullous pemphigoid 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Methylprednisolone plus azathioprine vs methylprednisolone plus dapsone

Adverse events at 1 year · bullous pemphigoid

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for bullous pemphigoid 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Mild clobetasol propionate cream regimen (10 to 30 g/day) vs standard clobetasol propionate cream regimen (40 g/day)

Adverse events at 1 year · bullous pemphigoid

Mild clobetasol propionate cream regimen (10 to 30 g/day) showed no clear difference in adverse events at 1 year compared with standard clobetasol propionate cream regimen (40 g/day) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for bullous pemphigoid 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.94 [0.78, 1.14]
1 study · 309 participants
Low

Oral hydroxychloroquine vs placebo

Adverse events: severe · patients with cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus

Oral hydroxychloroquine showed no clear difference in adverse events: severe compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3.9 [0.19, 78.46]
1 study · 71 participants
Moderate

Oral hydroxychloroquine vs placebo

Minor adverse events · patients with cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus

Oral hydroxychloroquine showed no clear difference in adverse events: minor compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.32 [0.24, 7.19]
1 study · 47 participants
Moderate

Oral dehydroepiandrosterone vs placebo

Adverse events: severe · patients with cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus

Oral dehydroepiandrosterone showed no clear difference in adverse events: severe compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.09 [0.01, 1.66]
1 study · 381 participants
Moderate

Oral dehydroepiandrosterone vs placebo

Minor adverse events · patients with cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus

Oral dehydroepiandrosterone probably leads to higher adverse events: minor compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 10.5 [3.26, 33.75]
1 study · 381 participants
Moderate

Oral chloroquine vs placebo

Adverse events: severe · patients with cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus

Oral chloroquine showed no clear difference in adverse events: severe compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.33 [0.01, 7.45]
1 study · 24 participants
Low

Oral chloroquine vs placebo

Minor adverse events · patients with cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Oral ciclosporin vs azathioprine (AZA)

Adverse events: severe · patients with cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus

Oral ciclosporin showed no clear difference in adverse events: severe compared with oral azathioprine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.89 [0.48, 1.65]
1 study · 89 participants
Low

Oral methotrexate vs oral chloroquine

Adverse events: severe · patients with cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus

Oral methotrexate showed no clear difference in adverse events: severe compared with oral chloroquine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.73 [0.27, 11.07]
1 study · 41 participants
Low

Oral methotrexate vs oral chloroquine

Minor adverse events · patients with cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus

Oral methotrexate may leads to higher adverse events: minor compared with oral chloroquine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3.9 [1.45, 10.51]
1 study · 41 participants
Low

Oral methotrexate vs placebo

Adverse events: severe · patients with cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus

Oral methotrexate showed no clear difference in adverse events: severe compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 12.05 [0.69, 211.36]
1 study · 86 participants
Moderate